Recent advances in understanding the role of IL-4 signaling.
Recent advances in understanding the role of IL-4 signaling.
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DOI：
10.12703/r/10-71
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Zhu J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Keegan AD;Leonard WJ;Zhu J
白细胞介素-4（IL-4）是一种四α螺旋束的I型细胞因子，对多种细胞系具有广泛的多效性。IL-4的主要作用最初是针对B和T细胞发现的，但是这种细胞因子作用于跨越先天性和适应性免疫系统的十几种不同的靶细胞，并且由多种不同的细胞来源产生。虽然IL-4在1982年被发现不到40年，但与这种细胞因子相关的兴趣和发现继续显着扩大。有重要的新进展，涉及其生物学作用和其信号传导机制，包括关键基因和下游靶点在一系列细胞类型。IL-4不仅对仔细控制免疫球蛋白产生至关重要，而且与炎症、纤维化、过敏反应和抗肿瘤活性有关，IL-4的作用通过两种不同类型的受体发生，其中一种也被IL-13使用，IL-13是一种具有部分重叠作用的密切相关的细胞因子。在这篇综述中，我们涵盖了重要的旧信息，但也强调了新的进展。一个不断发展的兴趣领域涉及IL-4信号传导途径的治疗性阻断以治疗特应性皮炎和哮喘。因此，这种细胞因子具有历史重要性，这一领域的研究既阐明了主要的生物学途径，又导致了影响数百万人的疾病的治疗进展。
Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a four-α-helical bundle type I cytokine with broad pleiotropic actions on multiple lineages. Major actions of IL-4 were initially discovered for B and T cells, but this cytokine acts on more than a dozen different target cells spanning the innate and adaptive immune systems and is produced by multiple different cellular sources. While IL-4 was discovered just under 40 years ago in 1982, the interest in and discoveries related to this cytokine continue to markedly expand. There are important new advances related to its biological actions and to its mechanisms of signaling, including critical genes and downstream targets in a range of cell types. IL-4 is critical not only for careful control of immunoglobulin production but also related to inflammation, fibrosis, allergic reactions, and antitumor activity, with actions of IL-4 occurring through two different types of receptors, one of which is also used by IL-13, a closely related cytokine with partially overlapping actions. In this review, we cover critical older information but also highlight newer advances. An area of evolving interest relates to the therapeutic blockade of IL-4 signaling pathway to treat atopic dermatitis and asthma. Thus, this cytokine is historically important, and research in this area has both elucidated major biological pathways and led to therapeutic advances for diseases that affect millions of individuals.