The Purpose, Function, and Performance of Streetcar Transit in the Modern U.S. City: A Multiple-Case-Study Investigation, MTI Report 12-39
The Purpose, Function, and Performance of Streetcar Transit in the Modern U.S. City: A Multiple-Case-Study Investigation, MTI Report 12-39
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现代美国城市有轨电车交通的目的、功能和性能：多案例研究调查，MTI 报告 12-39
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发表时间：
2015
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通讯作者：
Luis Enrique Ramos
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作者：
Jeffrey R. Brown;H. Nixon;Luis Enrique Ramos
尽管近年来美国有轨电车项目激增，但对有轨电车作为交通服务的作用的研究却很少。本研究考察了小石城、孟菲斯、波特兰、西雅图和坦帕运营的现代有轨电车的经验。作者发现，在这些城市中，有轨电车的主要目的是作为一种发展工具（所有城市），第二个目标是作为一种旅游促进设施（小石城、坦帕），而交通目标基本上是事后才想到的，但波特兰和西雅图除外。基于这项研究，作者建议其他城市的规划者和政策制定者仔细考虑其社区中任何拟议有轨电车的基本目的，并在制定所有决策时清楚地考虑到这一基本目的。作者还敦促其他城市的规划者和政策制定者更加谨慎地看待波特兰的例子：波特兰的经验是外部因素和当地决策独特结合的结果，这些决策可能适用于其他地方，也可能不适用于其他地方。附录包含报告中审查的五个城市的详细案例研究。
Despite the proliferation of streetcar projects in the United States in recent years, there is little research on the streetcar’s role as a transportation service. This study examines the experiences of the modern-era streetcars operated in Little Rock, Memphis, Portland, Seattle, and Tampa. The authors discovered that in these cities, the primary purpose of the streetcar was to serve as a development tool (all cities), a second objective was to serve as a tourism-promoting amenity (Little Rock, Tampa), and transportation objectives were largely afterthoughts with the notable exception of Portland, and to a lesser degree, Seattle. Based on this study, the authors suggest that planners and policymakers in other cities think carefully about the fundamental purpose of any proposed streetcar in their communities and to proceed in all their decision making with that fundamental purpose clearly in mind. The authors also urge planners and policymakers in other cities to regard the example of Portland with much more caution: Portland’s experience is the result of a unique combination of external factors and local decisions that may or may not be applicable elsewhere. Appendices contain detailed case studies of each of the five cities examined in the report.