Effect of Allegheny mound ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) presence on homopteran and predator populations in Michigan jack pine forests
Effect of Allegheny mound ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) presence on homopteran and predator populations in Michigan jack pine forests
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DOI：
10.1603/0013-8746(2001)094
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发表时间：
2001-01-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Bristow, CM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bishop, DB;Bristow, CM
不同密度的Allegheny土墩蚂蚁，Formica exsectoides Forel，人口对myrmecophilous（倾向）和nonmyrmecophilous（未倾向）蚜虫和规模的物种和它们的潜在捕食者的影响进行了研究，在杰克松森林中北部密歇根州。一项长达一个夏天的调查表明，有大量F。与无蚜虫区相比，无蚜虫区有较大数量的班克斯蚜（Cinara banksiana Pepper & Tissot）和小角软介壳虫（Toumeyella parvicornis（Cockerell））。exsectoides种群。Ontarioensis布拉德利也被蚂蚁强制照料，但对F.外裂叶螨密度大，呈片状分布。相反，在没有F.除了exsectoides外，这些同翅目昆虫被绵蚜Schizolachnus piniradibrium（Davidson）所取代，这是一种从未形成蚂蚁协会的物种。丘蚁排斥实验和观察表明，F。exsectoides捕食S. piniradiatae，可能会减少这种蚂蚁所在地区的数量。蚜虫和蚧类天敌对F.草蛉幼虫和跳蛛的密度与F. exsectoides种群，而盲蝽种群没有表现出对不同F.外裂藻密度这项研究表明，大量的侵略性，蜜露寻求F。外切蛾可以使同翅目昆虫群落从一个主要由非蚁媒物种组成的群落转变为一个由蚁媒物种组成的群落。
The impact of different densities of Allegheny mound ant, Formica exsectoides Forel, populations on myrmecophilous (tended) and nonmyrmecophilous (untended) aphid and scale species and their potential predators was examined in jack pine forests of north-central Michigan. A summer-long survey indicated that areas with large populations of F. exsectoides had larger populations of the aphid Cinara banksiana Pepper & Tissot and the soft scale Toumeyella parvicornis (Cockerell), two obligate myrmecophiles, than areas with low or no F. exsectoides populations. Cinara ontarioensis Bradley was also obligately tended by ants but did not show a significant response to F. exsectoides densities, having a patchy distribution. In contrast, in areas without F. exsectoides, these homopterans were replaced by the woolly aphid Schizolachnus piniradiatae (Davidson), a species that never forms ant associations. Mound ant exclusion experiments and observations indicated that F. exsectoides preyed upon S. piniradiatae, potentially reducing their numbers in areas with this ant. Aphid and scale predators showed a mixed response to F. exsectoides presence: densities of lacewing larvae and salticid spiders were inversely related to F. exsectoides populations, whereas mirid populations did not show a response to different F. exsectoides densities. This study suggests that the presence of large populations of aggressive, honeydew seeking F. exsectoides can shift the homopteran community from one composed predominantly of nonmyrmecophilous species to one composed of myrmecophilous species.