The "benefits" of distractability: Mechanisms underlying increased Stroop effects in schizophrenia
The "benefits" of distractability: Mechanisms underlying increased Stroop effects in schizophrenia
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DOI：
10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a033416
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发表时间：
1999-01-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Cohen, JD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barch, DM;Carter, CS;Cohen, JD
最近对精神分裂症患者选择性注意力的研究表明，单次试验斯特鲁普表现存在一种特殊模式：反应时间（RT）的促进作用增加，但干扰程度不增加，同时错误干扰增加。我们的斯特鲁普任务分析表明，如果考虑以下因素，这种模式可以用选择性注意力缺陷来解释：（1）在一致条件下的表现； (2) 中性刺激的性质； (3)准确度与RT的关系； (4)反应组效应，为了检验这些假设，我们使用一系列中性刺激（色块、非颜色词、不在反应集中的颜色词）检查了 40 名 DSM-IV 精神分裂症患者和 20 名健康对照受试者的 Stroop 表现，结果证实了我们的一些预测，结果与以下假设一致：精神分裂症中 Stroop 的异常表现反映了未能充分关注 适合任务的刺激维度（颜色），这种注意力不集中会影响一致和不一致的条件以及信息处理路径中的多个点。
Recent studies of selective attention in schizophrenia patients suggest a particular pattern of single-trial Stroop performance: increased facilitation but not interference in reaction times (RTs), combined with increased error interference. Our Stroop task analysis suggests that this pattern can be explained by a selective attention deficit if one accounts for (1) performance in the congruent condition; (2) the nature of the neutral stimulus; (3) the relationship between accuracy and RT; and (4) response set effects, To test these hypotheses, we examined Stroop performance in 40 DSM-IV schizophrenia patients and 20 healthy control subjects, using a range of neutral stimuli (color patches, noncolor words, color words not in the response set), The findings confirmed several of our predictions and the results were consistent with the hypothesis that abnormal Stroop performance in schizophrenia reflects a failure to adequately attend to the task-appropriate stimulus dimension (color), This inattention affects both the congruent and incongruent conditions and multiple points in the information processing pathway.