Analysis of DNA Methylation Status in Bodily Fluids for Early Detection of Cancer.
Analysis of DNA Methylation Status in Bodily Fluids for Early Detection of Cancer.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijms18040735
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发表时间：
2017-03-30
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Watanabe M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yokoi K;Yamashita K;Watanabe M
在过去的几十年里，癌症中启动子 DNA 高甲基化和基因沉默导致的表观遗传改变已有报道。 DNA 高甲基化具有作为癌症临床筛查标记、预后标记和治疗监测标记的巨大潜力。一些体液，例如粪便或尿液，可以在不侵入身体的情况下获得。因此，此类体液是用于高通量癌症监测的合适样本。此外，分析癌症组织周围体液的甲基化状态可能有助于癌症的早期发现，因为据报道癌症组织中的一些基因是癌症特异性的高甲基化。最近，进行了几项分析体液中DNA甲基化状态的研究，其中一些结果具有未来发展和进一步临床应用的潜力。事实上，美国食品和药物管理局 (FDA) 批准粪便 DNA 检测用于筛查结直肠癌。另一种有前景的甲基化标记物已在多种癌症的多种体液中被发现。我们回顾了分析体液中 DNA 甲基化作为一种微创癌症筛查的研究。
Epigenetic alterations by promoter DNA hypermethylation and gene silencing in cancer have been reported over the past few decades. DNA hypermethylation has great potential to serve as a screening marker, a prognostic marker, and a therapeutic surveillance marker in cancer clinics. Some bodily fluids, such as stool or urine, were obtainable without any invasion to the body. Thus, such bodily fluids were suitable samples for high throughput cancer surveillance. Analyzing the methylation status of bodily fluids around the cancer tissue may, additionally, lead to the early detection of cancer, because several genes in cancer tissues are reported to be cancer-specifically hypermethylated. Recently, several studies that analyzed the methylation status of DNA in bodily fluids were conducted, and some of the results have potential for future development and further clinical use. In fact, a stool DNA test was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the screening of colorectal cancer. Another promising methylation marker has been identified in various bodily fluids for several cancers. We reviewed studies that analyzed DNA methylation in bodily fluids as a less-invasive cancer screening.