Thermoregulatory and thermal control in the human cutaneous circulation.
Thermoregulatory and thermal control in the human cutaneous circulation.
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DOI：
10.2741/s105
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发表时间：
2010-06
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
John M. Johnson;D. Kellogg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
John M. Johnson;D. Kellogg
在过去的10-15年里，人们关注人体皮肤循环的控制机制。方法学的发展为解决皮肤血流反射控制(温度调节控制)的重要因素以及皮肤直接加热和降温(温度控制)同样令人印象深刻的效果提供了强有力的手段。这篇评论主要集中在最近的文献上。我们讨论交感血管收缩系统及其递质和调节因子，交感活性血管扩张系统及其丰富的奥秘，重点讨论可能的递质和共递质，一氧化氮的参与以及与出汗和调节因子的关系。我们还讨论了目前对血管收缩和血管扩张机制的理解，指出肾上腺素能功能、传入神经功能和一氧化氮系统参与了血管对这两种热刺激的反应。
The past 10-15 years has been a time of focus on the mechanisms of control in the human cutaneous circulation. Methodological developments have provided powerful means for resolving the important contributors to the reflex control of skin blood flow (thermoregulatory control) and also for the equally impressive effects of direct heating and cooling of the skin (thermal control). This review is devoted largely to that recent literature. We treat the sympathetic vasoconstrictor system and its transmitters and modulatory factors and the sympathetic active vasodilator system and its abundant mysteries, with focus on the putative transmitters and cotransmitters, the involvement of nitric oxide and the relationship to sweating and modulatory factors. We also deal with the current understanding of the mechanisms of vasoconstriction and vasodilation that accompany direct skin cooling and heating, noting that adrenergic function, afferent nerve function and the nitric oxide system are involved in the vascular responses to both thermal stimuli.