SEX-DIFFERENCES IN JAPANESE MACAQUES (MACACA-FUSCATA) - EFFECTS OF PRENATAL TESTOSTERONE ON JUVENILE SOCIAL-BEHAVIOR
SEX-DIFFERENCES IN JAPANESE MACAQUES (MACACA-FUSCATA) - EFFECTS OF PRENATAL TESTOSTERONE ON JUVENILE SOCIAL-BEHAVIOR
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DOI：
10.1016/0018-506x(90)90009-m
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发表时间：
1990-06-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
GLICK, BB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
EATON, GG;WORLEIN, JM;GLICK, BB
本研究的目的是评估，在非人灵长类动物，在何种程度上暴露于雄激素在产前期间与早期的社会经验相互作用，影响男性或女性的行为模式的显示。来自一个大的年龄分级，异性恋群体的日本猕猴（M。fuscata）在妊娠第40天左右植入睾酮的Silastic包。在怀孕的第100天，这些包裹被移除，雌性被允许在户外畜栏中分娩。由进行植入的外科医生进行的计划外程序变更创建了两组产前雄激素化女性：高剂量组（N = 3）和低剂量组（N = 4）。这些组的解剖学差异在于高剂量组的阴茎较小且无阴道，而低剂量组的阴蒂增大且阴道开放。将这两组女性的行为与正常男性（N = 6）、产前雄激素化男性（N = 6）和正常女性（N = 5）从出生到2岁的行为进行比较。处理和正常男性之间没有差异，但有男性和正常女性之间的安装，播放，显示和梳理的频率的性别差异。高剂量组的产前雄激素化的女性不同于正常女性只有一个措施：安装频率增加。低剂量组比正常雌性更频繁地骑上其他青少年，但差异不具有统计学意义。我们的结论是，安装行为是最敏感的产前激素环境，因为它显示了最大的性别差异，在正常动物。由于样本量小，组内变异可能掩盖了激素对其他行为的影响，而这些行为的性别差异并不明显。
The aim of this study was to assess, in a nonhuman primate, the extent to which exposure to androgen during the prenatal period interacts with early social experience to affect the display of male or female patterns of behavior. Pregnant females from a large age-graded, heterosexual group of Japanese macaques (M. fuscata) were implanted about the 40th day of gestation with Silastic packets of testosterone. The packets were removed on the 100th day of gestation, and the females were allowed to give birth in their outdoor corral. An unplanned procedural change, by the surgeon who did the implants, created two groups of prenatally androgenized females: a high-dose group (N = 3), and a low-dose group (N = 4). The anatomical differentiation of these groups differed in that the high-dose group had small penises and no vaginas while the low-dose group had enlarged clitorises and patent vaginas. The behavior of these two groups of females was compared with that of normal males (N = 6), prenatally androgenized males (N = 6), and normal females (N = 5) from birth to 2 years of age. There were no differences between treated and normal males, but there were sex differences between males and normal females in the frequency of mounting, playing, displaying, and grooming. The high-dose group of prenatally androgenized females differed from normal females on only one measure: increased frequency of mounting. The low-dose group mounted other juveniles more frequently than did the normal females, but the difference was not statistically significant. We concluded that mounting behavior was most sensitive to the prenatal hormone environment because it showed the largest sex difference in normal animals. Given the small sample sizes, within-group variability could have obscured possible hormonal effects on other behaviors where sex differences were less dramatic.