Investigating the Potential Roles of SINEs in the Human Genome.
Investigating the Potential Roles of SINEs in the Human Genome.
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev-genom-111620-100736
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发表时间：
2021-04
影响因子：
8.7
通讯作者：
Xiao-ou Zhang;H. Pratt;Z. Weng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Xiao-ou Zhang;H. Pratt;Z. Weng
短散在核元件（西内斯）是一种非自主的反转录转座子，约占人类基因组的13%。它们由RNA聚合酶III转录，并且可以在其他自主逆转录元件的帮助下逆转录并插入回基因组中。因为它们优先位于基因丰富区域附近或内部，所以它们可以通过在DNA和RNA水平上起作用的各种机制来调节基因表达。在这篇综述中，我们总结了最近的研究结果，在不同类型的基因调控的西内斯的参与，并讨论了潜在的调控功能的西内斯是在接近的基因，Pol III转录的SINE RNA，并嵌入SINE序列内Pol II转录的基因在人类基因组中。这些发现说明了人类基因组如何将一些西内斯扩展为功能性调控元件。《基因组学和人类遗传学年度评论》第22卷的预计最终在线出版日期为2021年8月。请访问http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates了解修订后的估计数。
Short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs) are nonautonomous retrotransposons that occupy approximately 13% of the human genome. They are transcribed by RNA polymerase III and can be retrotranscribed and inserted back into the genome with the help of other autonomous retroelements. Because they are preferentially located close to or within gene-rich regions, they can regulate gene expression by various mechanisms that act at both the DNA and the RNA levels. In this review, we summarize recent findings on the involvement of SINEs in different types of gene regulation and discuss the potential regulatory functions of SINEs that are in close proximity to genes, Pol III-transcribed SINE RNAs, and embedded SINE sequences within Pol II-transcribed genes in the human genome. These discoveries illustrate how the human genome has exapted some SINEs into functional regulatory elements. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics Volume 22 is August 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.