Acute effects of guar gum on glucose tolerance and intestinal absorption of nutrients in rats.
Acute effects of guar gum on glucose tolerance and intestinal absorption of nutrients in rats.
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瓜尔胶对大鼠葡萄糖耐量和肠道营养吸收的急性影响。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1982
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Henquin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Daumerie;J. Henquin
不可消化纤维改善口服葡萄糖耐量的机制尚不清楚。我们研究了瓜尔胶对麻醉大鼠口服碳水化合物耐量和肠道营养物质吸收的影响。当瓜尔胶浓度足够（10 mg/ml）时，在胃内葡萄糖负荷（1 g/kg）的基础上添加瓜尔胶可显著延缓血浆葡萄糖水平的升高。胰岛素反应稍微不那么明显，但差异并不显著。当葡萄糖直接进入十二指肠时，口香糖在最初的15分钟内只略微降低了葡萄糖水平的升高。如果十二指肠输注1 g/kg的蔗糖，α -葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂糖类酶（acarboseR），而不是瓜尔瓜尔，减缓了血浆葡萄糖和胰岛素水平的上升。在捆绑的十二指肠空肠袢中测量肠道吸收。瓜尔胶使葡萄糖（4 mmol/l）的主动转运减少了约20%，但对葡萄糖（100 mmol/l）的被动转运没有显著影响，对蔗糖（40 mmol/l）或亮氨酸（4 mmol/l）的吸收也没有显著影响。在提高葡萄糖耐量的浓度（10 mg/ml）下，瓜尔胶明显减缓胃排空，但在较低浓度下则没有。这些结果表明，瓜尔胶主要通过降低胃排空率来提高对口服碳水化合物的耐受性，但低浓度糖的存在也可能抑制肠道吸收。
The mechanism by which non-digestible fibres improve oral glucose tolerance is still unclear. We have studied the effects of guar gum on oral carbohydrate tolerance and intestinal absorption of nutrients in anaesthetized rats. Addition of guar to an intragastric glucose load (1 g/kg) markedly delayed the rise in plasma glucose levels when the concentration of the gum was adequate (10 mg/ml). The insulin response was somewhat less marked, but the differences were not significant. When glucose was introduced directly into the duodenum, the gum only slightly reduced the rise in glucose levels, during the first 15 min. If sucrose (1 g/kg) was infused in the duodenum, acarboseR, an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, but not guar, slowed the rise in plasma glucose and insulin levels. Intestinal absorption was measured in a tied duodenojejunal loop. Guar decreased active transport of glucose (4 mmol/l) by approximately 20%, but had no significant effect on the passive transport of glucose (100 mmol/l), nor on the absorption of sucrose (40 mmol/l) or leucine (4 mmol/l). At the concentration which improved glucose tolerance (10 mg/ml), but not at lower concentrations, guar gum markedly slowed gastric emptying. These results suggest that guar gum improves tolerance to oral carbohydrates mainly by decreasing the rate of gastric emptying, but inhibition of intestinal absorption may also be involved in the presence of low concentrations of the sugars.