Investigating fuel and fireplaces with a combination of phytoliths and multi-element analysis; an ethnographic experiment
Investigating fuel and fireplaces with a combination of phytoliths and multi-element analysis; an ethnographic experiment
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DOI：
10.1007/s00334-016-0574-y
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Jose Garcia-Granero, Juan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lancelotti, Carla;Ruiz-Perez, Javier;Jose Garcia-Granero, Juan
在考古背景下确定与燃料有关的做法几乎总是与确定与火灾有关的结构有关。木炭分析是过去确定木材用途的标准方法；然而，在许多情况下，木材不是主要的燃料来源。在干旱和半干旱环境中，粪便、谷壳和秸秆等替代燃料以及一般的植物加工副产品占主导地位。对这些类型的燃料的研究往往需要应用多代理分析，涉及植物微遗骸和地球化学。本文介绍了对印度北古吉拉特邦一种家庭化合物--现代人种学背景下采集的样品中植硅体和化学元素的综合分析结果。由于木材稀缺和政府最近禁止砍伐树木，替代燃料在这一地区一直是非常重要的，现在仍然是非常重要的。在被研究的房子里，有三个壁炉，有选择地进行不同类型的活动。描述性和多变量统计的结果突出了三个壁炉燃料使用的不同。然而，当壁炉本应相似时，它们产生的相反的地球化学信号在考古学背景下将很难解释，因为产生这种信号的实践是未知的。植物硅体和地球化学的结合，再加上有关该活动的人种学信息，可以帮助我们构建更好的模型来帮助解释考古记录。
The identification of fuel-related practices in archaeological contexts is almost always associated with the identification of fire-related structures. Charcoal analysis is the standard method of identifying wood use in the past; however, in many circumstances wood was not the primary source of fuel. In arid and semi-arid environments alternative fuels such as dung, chaff and straw and, in general, plant processing by-products were predominant. The study of these types of fuel often necessitates the application of multi-proxy analyses, involving botanical micro-remains and geochemistry. This paper presents the results of an integrated analysis of phytoliths and chemical elements of samples collected in a modern ethnographic context, a domestic compound, in North Gujarat, India. Alternative fuels have been and are still very important in this area due to the scarcity of wood and the recent ban on cutting trees imposed by the government. Within the house studied, three fireplaces were present where different types of activities were performed selectively. The differential use of fuels in the three fireplaces is highlighted by the results of descriptive and multivariate statistics. However, the opposite geochemical signals that the fireplaces produced, when they should have been similar, would be difficult to interpret in an archaeological context where the practices that had produced such signals are unknown. The combination of phytoliths and geochemistry, coupled with the ethnographic information on the activity, can help us to construct better models to help interpret the archaeological record.