Effects of increased processing demands on age differences in working memory.
Effects of increased processing demands on age differences in working memory.
复制标题
处理需求增加对工作记忆年龄差异的影响。
DOI：
10.1037//0882-7974.5.3.421
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发表时间：
1990
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Salthouse,TA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Babcock,RL;Salthouse,TA
三项研究调查了（a）增加记忆任务的处理需求有助于中央处理器更多参与这一说法的合理性，以及（b）改变对中央处理器的依赖对工作记忆任务中与年龄相关的差异程度的影响。在第一项研究中，年轻人执行了 2 项任务的不同版本，这些任务的不同版本对中央处理器的依赖程度有所不同。在第二项和第三项研究中，年轻人和老年人执行了不同版本的计算跨度任务，这些任务被假定随着所需处理量的粗略连续体而变化。结果表明，虽然当工作记忆任务需要同时存储和处理信息时，中央处理器似乎参与其中，但与年龄相关的工作记忆差异似乎至少与存储容量的差异和处理效率的差异同样重要。（PsycINFO 数据库记录 (c) 2016 APA，保留所有权利）
Three studies investigated (a) the plausibility of the claim that increasing the processing demands in a memory task contributes to greater involvement of a central processor and (b) the effects of altering reliance on the central processor on the magnitude of age-related differences in working-memory tasks. In the first study, young adults performed versions of 2 tasks presumed to vary in the degree of reliance on the central processor. In the second and third studies, young and older adults performed versions of a computation-span task that were assumed to vary along a rough continuum of the amount of required processing. The results indicated that although a central processor appears to be involved when working-memory tasks require simultaneous storage and processing of information, age related differences in working memory seem to be determined at least as much by differences in the capacity of storage as by differences in the efficacy of processing.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)