Optimal meter placement for pipe burst detection in water distribution systems
Optimal meter placement for pipe burst detection in water distribution systems
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DOI：
10.2166/hydro.2016.170
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发表时间：
2016-07
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Medhanie Hagos;Donghwi Jung;K. Lansey
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Medhanie Hagos;Donghwi Jung;K. Lansey
供水系统（WDS）中的管道爆裂必须快速检测，以尽量减少系统功能的损失和恢复时间。爆管是WDS中最常见的故障。它会导致水从系统中流失，水头损失增加，用户水龙头的压力降低。因此，有效和高效的管道爆炸检测可以提高系统的弹性。为此，本研究提出了一个最佳的仪表放置模型，以确定在给定数量的仪表和类型的仪表中最大限度地提高检测效率的仪表位置。在改进的Austin EPANET液压网络上对线性规划模型进行了验证。采用压力流量计和流量流量计的接收工作特征曲线（ROC）来研究可用信息水平与管道爆炸检测效率之间的关系。根据仪表类型和要考虑的目标，最佳传感器位置明显不同。交替压力流量计和管式流量计的ROC曲线表明，管式流量计容易出现虚警，使用多个管式流量计可以检测到所有的管爆。压力计可以探测到高达82%的爆炸事件。
Pipe bursts in water distribution systems (WDS) must be rapidly detected to minimize the loss of system functionality and recovery time. Pipe burst is the most common failure in WDS. It results in water loss out of the system, increased head losses, and low pressure at the customers' taps. Therefore, effective and efficient detection of pipe bursts can improve system resilience. To this end, this study proposes an optimal meter placement model to identify meter locations that maximize detection effectiveness for a given number of meters and type of meter. The linear programming model is demonstrated on a modified Austin EPANET hydraulic network. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for alternative pressure and flow meters are applied to investigate the relationship between the level of available information and pipe burst detection effectiveness. The optimal sensor locations were distinctly different depending on the type of meter and the objective to be considered. The ROC curves for alternative pressure and pipe flow meters showed that pipe flow meters are vulnerable to false alarms, and that using many pipe flow meters could detect all pipe bursts. Pressure meters could detect up to 82% of the burst events.