Development of WEP model and its application to an urban watershed
Development of WEP model and its application to an urban watershed
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DOI：
10.1002/hyp.275
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发表时间：
2001-08-15
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Suetsugi, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jia, YW;Ni, GH;Suetsugi, T
建立了一个分布式水文模型--水能传输过程模型（WEP），用于模拟复杂地表覆盖下流域的水能过程。在模型中，状态变量包括地面和冠层的洼地蓄水量、土壤含水量、地表温度、地下水位和河流水位等，并采用镶嵌方法考虑了土地利用的亚网格异质性。对于水文过程，蒸散量由Pemnan-Monteith方程计算，暴雨期间的入渗过量由广义Green-Ampt模型模拟，而剩余时间的饱和过量通过在非饱和土层中进行平衡分析来获得。对地下水流进行了多层含水层的二维模拟。在一维格式中，采用运动波法进行了流量演算。在能量过程中，短波辐射根据观测或日照时数推算，长波辐射根据温度计算，潜热通量和感热通量用空气动力学方法计算，地表温度用强迫恢复法求解。此外，还考虑了人为因素，如供水、地下水开采、污水排放和能源消耗等。该模型应用于Ebi河流域（27 km（2）），网格大小为50 m，时间步长为1 h。通过模拟河流流量、地下水位和地表温度与实测值的比较，验证了模型的正确性。并对目前（1993年）和未来（2035年）的水量平衡进行了比较。研究发现，透过设置雨水渗渠，可改善未来雨水循环。版权所有（C）2001约翰威利父子有限公司
A distributed hydrological model, water and energy transfer processes (WEP) model, is developed to simulate spatially variable water and energy processes in watersheds with complex land covers. In the model, state variables include depression storage on land surfaces and canopies, soil moisture content, land surface temperature, groundwater tables and water stages in rivers, etc. The subgrid heterogeneity of land use is also taken into consideration by using the mosaic method. For hydrological processes, evapotranspiration is computed by the Pemnan-Monteith equation, infiltration excess during heavy rains is simulated by a generalized Green-Ampt model, whereas saturation excess during the remaining periods is obtained by doing balance analysis in unsaturated soil layers. A two-dimensional simulation of multilayered aquifers is performed for groundwater flow. Flow routing is conducted by using the kinematic wave method in a one-dimensional scheme. For energy processes, short-wave radiation is based on observation or deduced from sunshine duration, long-wave radiation is calculated according to temperatures, latent and sensible fluxes are computed by the aerodynamic method and surface temperature is solved by the force-restore method. In addition, anthropogenic components, e.g. water supply, groundwater lift, sewerage drainage and energy consumption, etc. are also taken into account. The model is applied to the Ebi River watershed (27 km(2)) with a grid size of 50 m and a time step of 1 h. The model is verified through comparisons of simulated river discharges, groundwater levels and land surface temperatures with the observed values. A comparison between water balance at present (1993) and that in the future (2035) is also conducted. It is found that the hydrological cycle in the future can be improved through the implementation of infiltration trenches for the storm water from urban canopies. Copyright (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.