Biogeochemistry of beetle-killed forests: Explaining a weak nitrate response
Biogeochemistry of beetle-killed forests: Explaining a weak nitrate response
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被甲虫杀死的森林的生物地球化学：解释微弱的硝酸盐反应
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
W. Lewis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Rhoades;J. H. McCutchan;Leigh A. Cooper;D. Clow;T. Detmer;J. Briggs;J. Stednick;T. Veblen;Rachel M Ertz;G. Likens;W. Lewis
当前的松甲虫侵扰已导致科罗拉多和怀俄明州森林中的小杆松（Pinus contorta）大量死亡;这是从墨西哥到加拿大的前所未有的多物种甲虫爆发的一部分。在美国和欧洲的流域，大气中无机氮的沉积是中等至低（<10公斤/公顷），木材采伐或猛烈的风暴对森林的干扰导致溪流硝酸盐浓度增加，通常接近干扰前浓度的400%。相比之下，没有显着增加的溪流硝酸盐浓度发生了广泛的树木死亡率引起的山松甲虫在科罗拉多。硝酸盐释放模型从科罗拉多流域校准与现场数据表明，刺激不受甲虫影响的植被成分的硝酸盐吸收占显着的硝酸盐保留在甲虫出没的流域。低的大气氮沉降（<10公斤每公顷），树木死亡率蔓延多年，高补偿能力与未受干扰的残留植被和土壤的组合解释了这些甲虫出没的流域，以保留硝酸盐的能力，尽管灾难性的死亡率的主要冠层树种。
A current pine beetle infestation has caused extensive mortality of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) in forests of Colorado and Wyoming; it is part of an unprecedented multispecies beetle outbreak extending from Mexico to Canada. In United States and European watersheds, where atmospheric deposition of inorganic N is moderate to low (<10 kg⋅ha⋅y), disturbance of forests by timber harvest or violent storms causes an increase in stream nitrate concentration that typically is close to 400% of predisturbance concentrations. In contrast, no significant increase in streamwater nitrate concentrations has occurred following extensive tree mortality caused by the mountain pine beetle in Colorado. A model of nitrate release from Colorado watersheds calibrated with field data indicates that stimulation of nitrate uptake by vegetation components unaffected by beetles accounts for significant nitrate retention in beetle-infested watersheds. The combination of low atmospheric N deposition (<10 kg⋅ha⋅y), tree mortality spread over multiple years, and high compensatory capacity associated with undisturbed residual vegetation and soils explains the ability of these beetle-infested watersheds to retain nitrate despite catastrophic mortality of the dominant canopy tree species.