Leaves and fruits of Bauhinia (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Cercideae) from the Oligocene Ningming Formation of Guangxi, South China and their biogeographic implications.
Leaves and fruits of Bauhinia (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Cercideae) from the Oligocene Ningming Formation of Guangxi, South China and their biogeographic implications.
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广西渐新世宁明组紫荆花（豆科、云实亚科、紫荆科）叶、果及其生物地理学意义
DOI：
10.1186/1471-2148-14-88
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发表时间：
2014-04-24
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Li Z
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang Q;Song Z;Chen Y;Shen S;Li Z
研究背景泛热带紫荆属（Bauhinia）与北方温带紫荆属（Cercis）和几个热带属（Bauhinia）沿着分布，叶为二裂叶、二小叶或有时为单小叶，根据分子生物学研究，它们与豆科其它属构成Cercideae族。因此，Cercideae的化石记录是关键，以了解早期的演化和豆科history.Results3种羊蹄甲属的化石描述渐新世广西宁明组，中国南方。宁明羊蹄甲（Bauhinia ningmingensis sp. nov.）叶具二小叶，垫状，基生顶生主脉和枝生次脉。B。cheniae sp. nov.叶中等或深二裂，垫状，具基部的放射状主脉和直立的次脉。B。拉氏菌Zhang et Y.F.陈修正。具有浅或中等的二裂，垫状的叶，有基部的放射状的主脉和枝状的次脉，以及椭圆形，具柄，无翅和种子少的果实。同时，对前人报道的羊蹄甲属植物化石进行了综述，认为世界各地的前渐新世植物要么存在疑问，要么因缺乏叶枕或/和基部辐向或端向脉序的可靠证据而被否定。结论紫荆属和羊蹄甲属宏体化石首次出现在中低纬度始新世-渐新世植物群中，而在高纬度地区的同时代植物群中则缺乏，暗示可能是特提斯洋水道的起源和豆科植物的传播。然而，羊蹄甲属及其近缘种的历史地理学的详细方案仍需要更强大的古植物学和分子生物学的数据集在未来的研究。
BackgroundThe pantropical genus Bauhinia, along with the northern temperate Cercis and several tropical genera, bear bilobate, bifoliolate, or sometimes unifoliolate leaves, which constitute the tribe Cercideae as sister to the rest of the family Leguminosae based on molecular phylogenetics. Hence, the fossil record of Cercideae is pivotal to understand the early evolution and biogeographic history of legumes.ResultsThree fossil species of Bauhinia were described from the Oligocene Ningming Formation of Guangxi, South China. Bauhinia ningmingensis sp. nov. is characterized by its bifoliolate, pulvinate leaves bearing basal acrodromous primary veins and brochidodromous secondary veins. B. cheniae sp. nov. bears moderately or deeply bilobate, pulvinate leaves, with basal actinodromous primary veins and eucamptodromous secondary veins. B. larsenii D.X. Zhang et Y.F. Chen emend. possesses shallowly or moderately bilobate, pulvinate leaves bearing basal actinodromous primary veins and brochidodromous secondary veins, as well as elliptic, stipitate, non-winged, and oligo-seeded fruits. Meanwhile, previously reported Bauhinia fossils were reviewed, and those pre-Oligocene foliage across the world are either questionable or have been rejected due to lacking of reliable evidence for their pulvini or/and basal actinodromous or acrodromous venations. Besides Oligocene leaves and fruits presented here, foliage and/or wood of Bauhinia have been documented from the Miocene–Pliocene of Thailand, India, Nepal, Uganda, and Ecuador.Conclusions The reliable macrofossils of Bauhinia and Cercis have made their debut in the Eocene–Oligocene floras from mid-low latitudes and appeared to lack in the coeval floras at high latitudes, implying a possible Tethys Seaway origin and spread of legumes. However, detailed scenarios for the historical biogeography of Bauhinia and its relatives still need more robust dataset from palaeobotany and molecular phylogeny in future research.
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影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Chaney, RW
通讯作者：
Chaney, RW
影响因子：
1.4
作者：
Abdala, F;Hancox, PJ;Neveling, J
通讯作者：
Neveling, J
影响因子：
1.1
作者：
Carpenter, Raymond J.;Goodwin, Matthew P.;Kanold, Karola
通讯作者：
Kanold, Karola
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Borges, L.;Bruneau, A.;Wink, M.
通讯作者：
Wink, M.
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Calvillo-Canadell, L;Cevallos-Ferriz, SRS
通讯作者：
Cevallos-Ferriz, SRS