Bottleneck congestion and distribution of work start times: The economics of staggered work hours revisited
Bottleneck congestion and distribution of work start times: The economics of staggered work hours revisited
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瓶颈拥堵和工作开始时间的分配：重新审视错开工作时间的经济学
DOI：
10.1016/j.trb.2015.07.021
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Y.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Takayama;Y.
自从亨德森（亨德森，J. V.，1981.错开工作时间的经济学。Journal of Urban Economics 9（3），349-364），许多研究通过分析考虑负面拥堵外部性和正面生产外部性之间权衡的工作开始时间选择模型，研究了错开工作时间的影响。然而，这些研究采用流拥挤模型来描述交通拥挤。本文建立了一个考虑瓶颈阻塞的工作开始时间选择模型，并揭示了该模型的内在性质。为此，本研究扩展了亨德森的模型，将瓶颈拥堵。通过利用潜在博弈的性质，我们描述了工作开始时间的平衡和最佳分布。我们还表明，庇古税收/补贴政策通常会产生多个均衡，第一最佳的最优必须是一个稳定的均衡下庇古政策，而第二最佳的最优决策者不能消除排队拥挤可能是不稳定的。
Since the seminal work of Henderson (Henderson, J.V., 1981. The economics of staggered work hours. Journal of Urban Economics 9 (3), 349–364), a number of studies have examined the effect of staggered work hours by analyzing models of work start time choice that consider the trade-off between negative congestion externalities and positive production externalities. However, these studies employed flow congestion models to describe traffic congestion. This study develops a model of work start time choice with bottleneck congestion and discloses the intrinsic properties of the model. To this end, this study extends Henderson’s model to incorporate bottleneck congestion. By utilizing the properties of a potential game, we characterize equilibrium and optimal distributions of work start times. We also show that Pigouvian tax/subsidy policies generally yield multiple equilibria and that the first-best optimum must be a stable equilibrium under Pigouvian policies, whereas the second-best optimum in which policymakers cannot eliminate queuing congestion can be unstable.