Natural occurrence of Alternaria mycotoxins in wheat and potential of reducing associated risks using magnolol
Natural occurrence of Alternaria mycotoxins in wheat and potential of reducing associated risks using magnolol
复制标题
小麦中链格孢霉菌毒素的自然发生以及使用厚朴酚降低相关风险的潜力
DOI：
10.1002/jsfa.10901
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发表时间：
2020-11-13
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Wang, Meng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jiang, Dongmei;Wei, Dizhe;Wang, Meng
背景技术小麦是我国三大粮食作物之一。链格孢属物种会导致小麦腐败，从而导致霉菌毒素积累。链格孢醇 (AOH)、链格孢醇单甲醚 (AME) 和青霉酸 (TeA) 是最常见和经常研究的霉菌毒素。由于缺乏可用的毒性数据，全世界对链格孢霉菌毒素浓度的规定有限。还需要更多关于霉菌毒素污染水平的数据。降低链格孢霉菌毒素的风险也很重要。结果从中国河北省采集了 132 个小麦样品，并对 AOH、AME 和 TeA 进行了分析。发现 Tenuazonic 酸是主要的链格孢霉菌毒素，特别是在面粉样品中。对引起小麦黑点病的链格孢属物种的研究表明，链格孢属和细链格孢属是优势种。大多数研究的链格孢属菌株产生了一种以上的霉菌毒素，并且TeA的产生浓度最高，这可能导致小麦样品中TeA污染水平较高。此外，厚朴酚对链格孢属表现出明显的抗真菌和抗霉菌毒素活性。这是关于厚朴酚对链格孢属物种的抗真菌毒素活性的第一份报告。结论中国河北省小麦和小麦产品中链格孢霉毒素污染水平与定植于小麦的链格孢属菌株的产毒能力相关。考虑到其安全性，厚朴酚可以开发为小麦中的天然杀菌剂，或者基于其对链格孢属菌株的强大抗真菌和抗霉菌毒素活性，可以作为天然替代食品防腐剂。 (c) 2020年化学工业学会
BACKGROUND Wheat is one of three major food crops in China. Alternaria species can cause spoilage of wheat with consequent mycotoxin accumulation. Alternariol (AOH), alternariol monomethyl ether (AME), and tenuazonic acid (TeA) are the most common and frequently studied mycotoxins. There are limited regulations placed on Alternaria mycotoxin concentrations worldwide due to the lack of toxicity data available. More data on the levels of mycotoxin contamination are also needed. It is also important to reduce the risks of Alternaria mycotoxins.RESULTS One hundred and thirty-two wheat samples were collected from Hebei Province, China, and analyzed for AOH, AME, and TeA. Tenuazonic acid was found to be the predominant Alternaria mycotoxin, especially in flour samples. Studying Alternaria species that cause black-point disease of wheat indicated that Alternaria alternata and Alternaria tenuissima were the dominant species. Most of the Alternaria strains studied produced more than one mycotoxin and TeA was produced at the highest concentration, which may have resulted in the high level of TeA contamination in the wheat samples. Furthermore, magnolol displayed obvious antifungal and antimycotoxigenic activity against Alternaria. This is the first report on the antimycotoxigenic activity of magnolol against Alternaria species.CONCLUSION The Alternaria mycotoxin contamination levels in wheat and wheat products from Hebei Province, China, were correlated with the toxigenic capacity of the Alternaria strains colonizing the wheat. Considering its safety, magnolol could be developed as a natural fungicide in wheat, or as a natural alternative food preservative based on its strong antifungal and antimycotoxigenic activity against Alternaria strains. (c) 2020 Society of Chemical Industry