Impacts of Occupant Behavior on Building Energy Consumption and Energy Savings Analysis of Upgrading ASHRAE 90.1 Energy Efficiency Standards
Impacts of Occupant Behavior on Building Energy Consumption and Energy Savings Analysis of Upgrading ASHRAE 90.1 Energy Efficiency Standards
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居住者行为对建筑能耗的影响及升级ASHRAE 90.1能效标准的节能分析
DOI：
10.3390/buildings12081108
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发表时间：
2022-07
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Yue Yuan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yaling He;Yixing Chen;Zhihua Chen;Zhang Deng;Yue Yuan
美国能源部（DOE）开发了商业原型建筑模型，以分析ASHRAE 90.1标准的节能效果。然而，在DOE模型中，乘员行为输入是确定性的，乘员行为的随机性没有得到充分的表征。这项研究评估了随机居住者行为对美国16个气候区ASHRAE 90.1-2016至2019年升级的建筑能耗和节能分析的影响。三个居住者的行为风格（紧缩，正常，浪费）被定义为代表不同层次的能源意识。能源部中型办公室原型模型被用作基线（正常行为风格）。使用乘员行为功能模型单元（obFMU）对随机乘员行为模型（节俭和浪费）进行建模。对EnergyPlus中型办公室原型模型进行了修改，以与obFMU模型共同模拟。16个气候区的结果通过每个气候区的相对建筑量进行汇总。结果表明，ASHRAE 90.1-2016年，紧缩、正常和浪费行为方式的加权全国年能源使用强度（EUI）分别为203.81 kWh/m2、287.15 kWh/m2和388.33 kWh/m2，ASHRAE 90.1-2019分别为371.28 kWh/m2。与正常行为风格相比，节俭行为风格消耗的源能少29%，而浪费行为风格消耗的源能多36%。从升级ASHRAE 90.1-2016到2019年，基于紧缩，正常和浪费行为风格的节能百分比分别为5.59%，4.78%和4.42%。居住者行为的随机性对建筑能耗有显著影响，其对ASHRAE 90.1升级节能分析的影响也不容忽视。
Commercial prototype building models were developed by the United States Department of Energy (DOE) to analyze the energy savings of the ASHRAE 90.1 standard. However, in the DOE models, occupant behavior inputs were deterministic and the stochasticity of occupant behavior was not fully characterized. This study evaluated the impacts of stochastic occupant behavior on building energy consumption and energy savings analysis from upgrading the ASHRAE 90.1-2016 to 2019 in sixteen climate zones in the United States (U.S.). Three occupant behavior styles (austerity, normal, and wasteful) were defined to represent the different levels of energy consciousness. The DOE medium office prototype models were used as the baseline (normal behavior style). The occupant behavior functional mock-up unit (obFMU) was used to model the stochastic occupant behavior models (austerity and wasteful). The EnergyPlus medium office prototype models were modified to co-simulate with the obFMU models. The results of 16 climate zones were aggregated by the relative construction volume of each climate zone. The results showed that the weighted national annual source energy use intensity (EUI) of the austerity, normal, and wasteful behavior styles were 203.81 kWh/m2, 287.15 kWh/m2, and 388.33 kWh/m2 for ASHRAE 90.1-2016, and 192.43 kWh/m2, 273.48 kWh/m2, and 371.28 kWh/m2 for ASHRAE 90.1-2019, respectively. Compared to the normal behavior style, the austerity behavior style consumed 29% less source energy, while the wasteful behavior style consumed 36% more source energy. From upgrading the ASHRAE 90.1-2016 to 2019, the energy saving percentages based on the austerity, normal, and wasteful behavior styles were 5.59%, 4.78%, and 4.42%, respectively. The stochastic occupant behavior significantly impacted the building energy consumption, and their impacts on the energy savings analysis of upgrading ASHRAE 90.1 were also not negligible.