Spreading the risk: Small-scale body temperature variation among intertidal organisms and its implications for species persistence
Spreading the risk: Small-scale body temperature variation among intertidal organisms and its implications for species persistence
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jembe.2011.02.006
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发表时间：
2011-04-30
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Mach, Katharine J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Denny, Mark W.;Dowd, W. Wesley;Mach, Katharine J.
波浪扫过的岩石海岸的潮间带是一个潜在的有用的系统，在其中监测，实验操作，并可能预测即将发生的环境温度变化的生态后果。然而，海岸线的热环境的空间和时间的复杂性挑战生态学家的能力，从特定地点的测量进展到一般的预测。在这项研究中，我们进行了密集的现场实验，以量化在一个典型的潮间带生物体和替代生物体之间的体温个体间的变化，我们用这些测量来表征潜在的热应力的微尺度变化。在336米的范围内，我们的网站，当地的变化是巨大的极端和累积热暴露的几个指标。站点内部极端温度的变化与沿着14度（1 660公里太平洋海岸线）站点之间的变化不相上下（在某些情况下远远超过）。我们的网站内的数据应用到一个简单的理论的风险表明，小规模的空间变化的温度可以减少当地灭绝的机会，否则将伴随着平均栖息地温度的增加或极端热事件的频率增加。这种“缓冲”效应的大小也很大程度上取决于个体间的耐热性差异，这一因素受到生理学家的关注相对较少。我们希望通过强调地点内变异性（温度和耐受性）在潮间种群持续存在中的重要作用，这项研究将促进对波浪冲刷海岸生态动态基础上的生物物理、生理、行为和遗传相互作用的进一步研究。(C)2011 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。
The intertidal zone of wave-swept rocky shores is a potentially useful system in which to monitor, experimentally manipulate, and possibly forecast the ecological consequences of impending changes in environmental temperature. However, the spatial and temporal complexity of the shoreline's thermal environment challenges ecologists' ability to progress from site-specific measurements to general predictions. In this study, we conducted intensive field experiments to quantify inter-individual variation in body temperature among organisms and surrogate organisms at a typical intertidal site, and we used these measurements to characterize micro-scale variation in potential thermal stress. Within the 336-m extent of our site, local variation was substantial in several metrics of extreme and cumulative thermal exposure. The within-site variation in extreme temperatures rivaled (and in some cases greatly exceeded) variation among sites along 14 degrees of latitude (1660 km of Pacific shoreline). Application of our within-site data to a simple theory of risk suggests that small-scale spatial variation in temperature can reduce the chance of local extirpation that otherwise would accompany an increase in average habitat temperature or an increase in the frequency of extreme thermal events. The magnitude of this "buffering" effect also depends heavily on inter-individual variation in thermal tolerance, a factor that has received relatively little attention from physiologists. We hope that by highlighting the important role of within-site variability (both of temperature and tolerance) in the persistence of intertidal populations, this study will foster further research into the biophysical, physiological, behavioral, and genetic interactions underlying ecological dynamics on wave-washed shores. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.