Carbon Dot Nanothermometry: Intracellular Photoluminescence Lifetime Thermal Sensing
Carbon Dot Nanothermometry: Intracellular Photoluminescence Lifetime Thermal Sensing
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DOI：
10.1021/acsnano.6b06670
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发表时间：
2017-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
17.1
通讯作者：
Zboril, Radek
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kalytchuk, Sergii;Polakova, Katerina;Zboril, Radek
纳米级生物相容性光致发光（PL）温度计，可用于准确和可靠地监测细胞内的温度有许多潜在的应用在生物学和医学。理想情况下，这样的纳米温度计应该在生理pH值范围内的离子强度，探针浓度和局部环境中发挥作用。在这里，我们表明，水溶性的N，S共掺杂的碳量子点（CD）表现出温度依赖性的光致发光寿命，可以作为高灵敏度和可靠的细胞内纳米温度计。PL强度测量表明，这些CD具有许多优势，替代半导体和CD为基础的纳米级温度传感器。重要的是，它们的PL寿命在pH值（5-12）、CD浓度（1.5 X 10（-5）至0.5 mg/mL）和环境离子强度（高达0.7 mol.L-1 NaCl）的宽范围内保持恒定。此外，它们是生物相容性和无毒的，如通过使用NIH/3 T3和HeLa细胞系的细胞活力和流式细胞术分析所证明的。N，S-CD热传感器还表现出良好的水稳定性，上级的光和热稳定性，非凡的环境和浓度的独立性，高存储稳定性，和可重复使用性，其PL衰减曲线在15和45摄氏度之间的温度保持不变，在七个连续的实验。在体外PL寿命为基础的温度传感与人类宫颈癌HeLa细胞进行了展示这些纳米传感器在生物医学的巨大潜力。总的来说，N，S-掺杂的CD表现出与激发无关的发射，具有强烈的温度依赖性的单指数衰减，使它们适合于在体外和体内发光寿命测温。
Nanoscale biocompatible photoluminescence (PL) thermometers that can be used to accurately and reliably monitor intracellular temperatures have many potential applications in biology and medicine. Ideally, such nano thermometers should be functional at physiological pH across a wide range of ionic strengths, probe concentrations, and local environments. Here, we show that water-soluble N,S-co-doped carbon dots (CDs) exhibit temperature-dependent photoluminescence lifetimes and can serve as highly sensitive and reliable intracellular nanothermometers. PL intensity measurements indicate that these CDs have many advantages over alternative semiconductor- and CD-based nanoscale temperature sensors. Importantly, their PL lifetimes remain constant over wide ranges of pH values (5-12), CD concentrations (1.5 X 10(-5) to 0.5 mg/mL), and environmental ionic strengths (up to 0.7 mol.L-1 NaCl). Moreover, they are biocompatible and nontoxic, as demonstrated by cell viability and flow cytometry analyses using NIH/3T3 and HeLa cell lines. N,S-CD thermal sensors also exhibit good water dispersibility, superior photo- and thermostability, extraordinary environment and concentration independence, high storage stability, and reusability-their PL decay curves at temperatures between 15 and 45 degrees C remained unchanged over seven sequential experiments. In vitro PL lifetime-based temperature sensing performed with human cervical cancer HeLa cells demonstrated the great potential of these nanosensors in biomedicine. Overall, N,S-doped CDs exhibit excitation-independent emission with strongly temperature-dependent monoexponential decay, making them suitable for both in vitro and in vivo luminescence lifetime thermometry.