Communicating weather forecasts
Communicating weather forecasts
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传达天气预报
作者：
Black A
厄尔尼诺/南方涛动的气候指标，包括热带云量、南方涛动指数、信风以及太平洋海面和次表层温度，都远远超过拉尼娜阈值。自2010年年中以来，大多数国家已超过这些阈值。8月至12月的SOI平均值（+ 21.1）仅被1917-1918年的拉尼娜现象（+ 24.4）超过，1975-1976年的拉尼娜值（+ 18.8）排名第三。其他几个指数也表明，2010-2011年、1975-1976年、1917-1918年、1955-1956年以及可能还有1988-1989年的拉尼娜事件在有记录以来最强烈的事件中排名靠前。
Climate indicators of ENSO, including tropical cloud amount, the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI), trade winds and Pacific sea-surface and sub-surface temperatures, all remain well in excess of La Niña thresholds. Most have exceeded these thresholds since the middle of 2010. The average August to December SOI (+ 21.1) has only been exceeded by the La Niña of 1917–1918 (+ 24.4), with the 1975–1976 La Niña value (+ 18.8) ranked third. Several other indices also suggest the La Niña events of 2010–2011, 1975–1976, 1917–1918, 1955–1956 and possibly 1988–1989, rank closely in terms of the strongest events on record.