EVALUATION OF IMMUNITY TO FELINE INFECTIOUS PERITONITIS IN CATS WITH CUTANEOUS VIRAL-INDUCED DELAYED-HYPERSENSITIVITY
EVALUATION OF IMMUNITY TO FELINE INFECTIOUS PERITONITIS IN CATS WITH CUTANEOUS VIRAL-INDUCED DELAYED-HYPERSENSITIVITY
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DOI：
10.1016/0165-2427(89)90038-x
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发表时间：
1989-07-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
COX, NR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
WEISS, RC;COX, NR
在9只猫的皮肤中诱导猫传染性腹膜炎（FIP）病毒（FIPV）的迟发型超敏反应（DTH）样反应，这些猫在先前的FIPV攻击暴露后无症状。在DTH的皮内（ID）检测时，9只先前挑战暴露的猫中有4只的抗FIPV病毒中和抗体呈阴性。另外两只猫在患有临床FIP的急性疾病时进行DTH测试，对FIPV没有皮肤DTH反应。在皮内接种后（PIH）24、48和/或72小时，在9只无症状猫中的6只（67%）中观察到对FIPV注射ID的大体皮肤反应。反应包括局灶性、1-5 mm至2.5 cm直径的硬结或半硬、非结节性、轻微隆起的结节。在显微镜下，在PIH 24至72的无症状猫的FIPV接种皮肤中采集的活检组织中观察到DTH样反应。病变包括巨噬细胞、淋巴细胞和多形核白细胞（PMN）的血管周围和弥漫性真皮浸润。在PIH 48或72时真皮浸润最大，在PIH 24时主要是混合炎性细胞（9只猫中的5只）或PMN（9只猫中的4只），但在PIH 72时主要是单核细胞（9只猫中的6只）或混合炎性细胞（9只猫中的2只）。与ID攻击-暴露时DTH阴性的FIPV未感染、非免疫对照猫的平均存活时间相比，DTH皮肤反应阳性的9只猫中有5只（56%）在致死性ID攻击-暴露FIPV后存活时间延长。9只DTH阳性猫中有4只（44%）抵抗了ID挑战暴露剂量的FIPV，这在两只对照猫中都是致命的，剩下的4只DTH阳性猫中有2只在第三次挑战暴露中存活下来，腹腔内给予高致死剂量的FIPV。在再激发后死亡并尸检的6只DTH阳性猫中，有4只（76%）出现非渗出性FIP病变，表明细胞免疫也可能参与非渗出性疾病的发病机制，而对照猫和患有临床疾病的DTH阴性猫均死于渗出性FIP。表面上，对FIPV的DTH反应可能与疾病抵抗力水平的提高有关;然而，如果免疫力是可变的，这种状态显然可以在一些猫中随着时间的推移而消失。
Delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH)-like reactions of feline infectious pertonitis (FIP) virus (FIPV) were induced in the skin of nine cats that were asymptomatic after a previous challenge-exposure with FIPV. Four of the nine previously challenge-exposed cats were negative for virus-neutralizing antibodies against FIPV at the time of intradermal (ID) testing for DTH. Two other cats tested for DTH when acutely ill with clinical FIP did not have cutaneous DTH responses to FIPV. Gross skin reactions to FIPV injected ID were observed in six of nine asymptomatic cats (67%) at postintradermal inoculation hours (PIH) 24, 48, and/or 72. the reactions consisted of focal, 1-5 mm to 2.5-cm diameter indurated or semi-firm, nonerythematous, slightly raised nodules. Microscopically, DTH-like reactions were observed in biopsies taken from the FIPV-inoculated skin of asymptomatic cats at PIH 24 to 72. The lesions consisted of perivascular and diffuse dermal infiltrations by macrophages, lymphocytes, and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN). The dermal infiltrates, which were maximal at PIH 48 or 72, were predominantly mixed inflammatory cells (five of nine cats) or PMN (four of nine cats) at PIH 24, but later were predominantly mononuclear cells (six of nine cats) or mixed inflammatory cells (two of nine cats) at PIH 72. Five of nine cats (56%) with positive DTH skin responses had increased survival times after lethal ID challenge-exposure with FIPV compared to mean survival times in FIPV-naive, nonimmune control cats that were DTH-negative when ID challenge-exposure. Four of nine DTH-positive cats (44%) resisted an ID challenge-exposure dose of FIPV that was fatal in both control cats, and two of the four remaining DTH-positive cats survived a third challenge-exposure with highly lethal doses of FIPV given intraperitoneally. Four of the six DTH-positive cats (76%) that died after re-challenge and were necropsied had lesions of noneffusive FIP, suggesting that cellular immunity may also be involved in the pathogenesis of noneffusive disease, wheras both control cats and both DTH-negative cats with clinical disease succumbed to effusive FIP. Seemingly, DTH responses to FIPV can be associated with an increased level of resistance of disease; however, this state if immunity is variable and apparently can be lost with time in some cats.