Global linkages among energy, food and water: an economic assessment
Global linkages among energy, food and water: an economic assessment
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DOI：
10.1007/s13412-016-0386-5
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发表时间：
2016-03
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
C. Ringler;D. Willenbockel;Nicostrato Perez;M. Rosegrant;T. Zhu;N. Matthews
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Ringler;D. Willenbockel;Nicostrato Perez;M. Rosegrant;T. Zhu;N. Matthews
联合国大会于2015年9月25日通过的决议是水-能源-粮食（WEF）关系的象征。它提出了2030年的目标和相关具体目标，包括：（1）消除饥饿，实现粮食安全和改善营养，促进可持续农业（SDG 2）;（2）确保所有人都能获得水和卫生设施并对其进行可持续管理（SDG 6）;（3）确保所有人都能获得负担得起的、可靠的、可持续的现代能源（SDG 7）。在实现这些目标之间会有权衡，特别是在消费模式不断变化和人口不断增长的需求不断增加之后，预计到2050年将超过90亿。本文使用全球经济分析工具来评估化石燃料价格的长期变化对水和粮食产出的影响，例如，由于《联合国气候变化框架公约》下的碳税或对化石能源新的重大发现的反应。我们发现，化石燃料税不会对粮食安全产生不利影响，如果能减少气候变化的不利影响，可能会对全球粮食安全带来布恩。
The resolution adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations on 25 September 2015 is symptomatic of the water-energy-food (WEF) nexus. It postulates goals and related targets for 2030 that include (1) End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture (SDG2); (2) Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all (SDG6); and (3) Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all (SDG7). There will be tradeoffs between achieving these goals particularly in the wake of changing consumption patterns and rising demands from a growing population expected to reach more than nine billion by 2050. This paper uses global economic analysis tools to assess the impacts of long-term changes in fossil fuel prices, for example, as a result of a carbon tax under the UNFCCC or in response to new, large findings of fossil energy sources, on water and food outcomes. We find that a fossil fuel tax would not adversely affect food security and could be a boon to global food security if it reduces adverse climate change impacts.