The Categorization-Individuation Model: An Integrative Account of the Other-Race Recognition Deficit
The Categorization-Individuation Model: An Integrative Account of the Other-Race Recognition Deficit
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DOI：
10.1037/a0020463
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发表时间：
2010-10-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Sacco, Donald F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hugenberg, Kurt;Young, Steven G.;Sacco, Donald F.
其他种族效应（ORE），或者说发现同种族的面孔比其他种族的面孔更好地识别，是人脸识别中最好的复制现象之一。目前的文章回顾了现有的证据和理论，并提出了一个新的理论框架的ORE，认为效果的结果从社会分类，有动机的个性化，和感性经验的汇合。这个分类个性化模型不仅提供了一个简约的帐户的经典和最近的证据，基于类别的偏见，在面部识别，但也链接到更广泛的证据和理论，在社会认知和面部知觉的ORE。最后，分类-个性化模型对ORE如何通过感知和动机过程（通过提高对其他种族的识别和减少对同一种族的识别）被加剧、减弱甚至消除做出了一系列新颖的预测。作者提出，这种新的ORE模型也导致了与其他ORE理论截然不同的应用干预，同时为未来的ORE研究提供了一个综合的理论框架。
The other-race effect (ORE), or the finding that same-race faces are better recognized than other-race faces, is one of the best replicated phenomena in face recognition. The current article reviews existing evidence and theory and proposes a new theoretical framework for the ORE, which argues that the effect results from a confluence of social categorization, motivated individuation, and perceptual experience. This categorization-individuation model offers not only a parsimonious account of both classic and recent evidence for category-based biases in face recognition but also links the ORE to broader evidence and theory in social cognition and face perception. Finally, the categorization-individuation model makes a series of novel predictions for how the ORE can be exacerbated, attenuated, or even eliminated via perceptual and motivational processes, both by improving other-race recognition and by reducing same-race recognition. The authors propose that this new model for the ORE also leads to applied interventions that differ sharply from other theories of the ORE, while simultaneously providing an integrative theoretical framework for future research on the ORE.