Advances in the pharmacological activities and mechanisms of diosgenin
Advances in the pharmacological activities and mechanisms of diosgenin
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薯蓣皂苷元药理活性及机制研究进展
DOI：
10.1016/s1875-5364(15)30053-4
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发表时间：
2015-08-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Yu Bo-Yang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chen Yan;Tang You-Mei;Yu Bo-Yang
薯蓣皂苷元是一种从植物中提取的甾体皂苷元，已被用作生产甾体激素的起始原料。本文将对薯蓣皂苷元的药理潜力及其作用机制进行综述。薯蓣皂苷元在临床前研究中显示出广泛的药理活性。它具有抗癌、心血管保护、抗糖尿病、神经保护、免疫调节、雌激素、皮肤保护等作用，主要通过诱导细胞凋亡、抑制恶性转化、降低氧化应激、预防炎症事件、促进细胞分化/增殖、调节t细胞免疫反应等。它干扰细胞死亡途径及其调控因子，诱导细胞凋亡。薯蓣皂苷元通过调节上皮-间质转化和肌动蛋白细胞骨架来改变细胞运动，抑制基质屏障降解，抑制血管生成，从而拮抗肿瘤转移。此外，薯蓣皂苷元提高抗氧化状态和抑制脂质过氧化。它的抗炎作用是通过抑制促炎细胞因子、酶和粘附分子的产生。此外，薯蓣皂苷元通过雌激素受体级联和转录因子PPAR驱动细胞生长/分化。综上所述，这些机理研究为进一步开发该化合物用于各种疾病的药物治疗提供了基础。
Diosgenin, a well-known steroid sapogenin derived from plants, has been used as a starting material for production of steroidal hormones. The present review will summarize published literature concerning pharmacological potential of diosgenin, and the underlying mechanisms of actions. Diosgenin has shown a vast range of pharmacological activities in preclinical studies. It exhibits anticancer, cardiovascular protective, anti-diabetes, neuroprotective, immunomodulatory, estrogenic, and skin protective effects, mainly by inducing apoptosis, suppressing malignant transformation, decreasing oxidative stress, preventing inflammatory events, promoting cellular differentiation/proliferation, and regulating T-cell immune response, etc. It interferes with cell death pathways and their regulators to induce apoptosis. Diosgenin antagonizes tumor metastasis by modulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition and actin cytoskeleton to change cellular motility, suppressing degradation of matrix barrier, and inhibiting angiogenesis. Additionally, diosgenin improves antioxidant status and inhibits lipid peroxidation. Its anti-inflammatory activity is through inhibiting production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, enzymes and adhesion molecules. Furthermore, diosgenin drives cellular growth/differentiation through the estrogen receptor (ER) cascade and transcriptional factor PPAR.. In summary, these mechanistic studies provide a basis for further development of this compound for pharmacotherapy of various diseases.