The neglected burden of Plasmodium vivax malaria
The neglected burden of Plasmodium vivax malaria
复制标题
DOI：
10.4269/ajtmh.2001.64.97
复制
发表时间：
2001-01-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Carter, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mendis, K;Sina, BJ;Carter, R
我们估计，间日疟原虫造成的全球疟疾负担每年约为7000万至8000万例。世界上大约10-20%的间日疟原虫感染病例发生在撒哈拉以南的非洲。在东部和南部非洲，间日疟原虫占疟疾病例的10%左右，但在西部和中部非洲占不到1%。在非洲以外，间日疟原虫占所有疟疾病例的50%。非洲以外地区约80-90%的间日疟原虫发生在中东、亚洲和西太平洋，主要发生在大多数热带地区，10-15%发生在中美洲和南美洲。由于间日疟流行的大多数地区疟疾传播率较低，受影响的人群对这种寄生虫几乎没有免疫力；因此，在这些地区，间日疟原虫感染影响所有年龄段的人。虽然间日疟原虫在儿童和成人生活中反复发作的影响很少直接致死，但它们可能对个人福祉、成长和发展以及个人、家庭、社区和国家层面的经济表现产生重大有害影响。间日疟原虫的传播生物学特征使该物种在面对不利于寄生虫传播的条件时，比抵抗力较弱的恶性疟原虫（arum）具有更大的适应力。因此，随着控制措施变得更加有效，残留的疟疾负担可能越来越多地成为间日疟原虫的负担。
We estimate that the global burden of malaria due to Plasmodium vivax is similar to 70-80 million cases annually. Probably similar to 10-20% of the world's cases of P. vivax infection occur in Africa, south of the Sahara. In eastern and southern Africa, P. vivax represents around 10% of malaria cases but < 1% of cases in western and central Africa. Outside of African, P. vivax accounts for > 50% of all malaria cases. About 80-90% of P. vivax outside of Africa occurs in the Middle East, Asia, and the Western Pacific, mainly in the most tropical regions, and 10-15% in Central and South America. Because malaria transmission rates are low in most regions where P. vivax is prevalent, the human populations affected achieve little immunity to this parasite; as a result, in these regions, P. vivax infections affect people of all ages. Although the effects of repeated attacks of P. vivax through childhood and adult life are only rarely directly lethal, they can have major deleterious effects on personal well-being, growth, and development, and on the economic performance at the individual, family, community, and national levels. Features of the transmission biology of P. vivax give this species greater resilience than the less robust Plasmodium falciparum,arum in the face of conditions adverse to the transmission of the parasites. Therefore, as control measures become more effective, the residual malaria burden is likely increasingly to become that of P. vivax.