Moving toward a true depiction of tobacco behavior among Asian Indians in California: Prevalence and factors associated with cultural smokeless tobacco product use.
Moving toward a true depiction of tobacco behavior among Asian Indians in California: Prevalence and factors associated with cultural smokeless tobacco product use.
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作者：
Mukherjea A;Modayil MV;Tong EK
美国的亚裔印度人表现出不成比例的口腔癌和心血管疾病负担，这可能与无烟烟草有关。然而，对这一人群中文化无烟烟草（CST）产品的使用知之甚少。2004年加州亚裔印度人烟草使用调查数据（n= 1，618）用于调查加州亚裔印度人的CST患病率。CST产品包括paan、paan masala和gutka。进行多变量logistic回归，以检查与当前CST使用相关的因素，与从未使用相比，社会经济地位，文化适应措施和宗教信仰。目前CST患病率为13.0%（男性：14.0%，女性：11.8%）。相比之下，目前吸烟的流行率为5.5%（男性：8.7%，女性：1.9%），文化吸烟的流行率较低（比迪斯：0.1%，水烟：0.5%）。与CST使用相关的因素包括男性、50岁以上、移民身份、在家说亚洲印度语言、高等教育（高中/某些大学AOR=2.6，95% CI 1.1-6.5;大学学位+ AOR=4.0，95% CI 1.7-9.5），收入较高（75，000 - 100，000美元的AOR=2.5，95% CI 1.3-4.7; > 100，000美元的AOR=2.6，95% CI 1.4-5.0），确定为非锡克教徒（印度教AOR= 10.0，95% CI 6.0-16.5;其他信仰AOR=10.2，95%CI 5.9-17.7），不同意精神信仰是生活的基础（AOR=2.1，95%CI 1.2-3.5）。目前，与吸烟者相比，加州亚裔印第安人中CST的患病率相对较高，性别差异较小。较高的社会经济地位与典型的吸烟模式相反。文化适应和宗教信仰是与目前使用有关的重要因素。医疗保健提供者和政策制定者应该考虑这些决定因素，以便采取有针对性的干预措施。
Asian Indians in the US exhibit disproportionate burdens of oral cancers and cardiovascular disease, potentially linked to smokeless tobacco. However, little is known about use of cultural smokeless tobacco (CST) products among this population. 2004 California Asian Indian Tobacco Use Survey data (n=1,618) was used to investigate CST prevalence among California’s Asian Indians. CST products included paan, paan masala, and gutka. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to examine factors associated with current CST use, compared to never use, for socioeconomic status, acculturation measures, and religious affiliation. Current CST prevalence was 13.0% (men: 14.0%, women: 11.8%). In contrast, prevalence of current cigarette use was 5.5% (men: 8.7%, women: 1.9%) and lower for cultural smoked tobacco (bidis: 0.1%, hookah: 0.5%). Factors associated with CST use include being male, aged 50+, immigrant status, speaking an Asian Indian language at home, higher education (high school/some college AOR=2.6, 95% CI 1.1–6.5; college degree+ AOR=4.0, 95% CI 1.7–9.5), higher income ($75,000–100,000 AOR=2.5, 95% CI 1.3–4.7; >$100,000 AOR=2.6, 95% CI 1.4–5.0), identifying as non-Sikh (Hinduism AOR= 10.0, 95% CI 6.0–16.5; other faiths AOR=10.2, 95% CI 5.9–17.7), and disagreeing that spiritual beliefs are the foundation of life (AOR=2.1, 95% CI 1.2–3.5). Current CST prevalence is relatively high among California’s Asian Indians compared to smoking, with narrower differences between genders. The association with higher socioeconomic status is contrary to typical cigarette smoking patterns. Acculturation and religious affiliation are important factors associated with current use. Healthcare providers and policymakers should consider such determinants for targeted interventions.
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