Echocardiographic evaluation of ventricular function in mice
Echocardiographic evaluation of ventricular function in mice
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1540-8175.2006.00356.x
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Brown, Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rottman, Jeffrey N.;Ni, Gemin;Brown, Michael
心功能不全仍然是大多数心脏病的一个特征。小鼠已成为心血管生物学的重要模型系统，而超声心动图已成为研究正常和基因改变小鼠的既定工具。该综述描述了用超声心动图方法测量小鼠的心功能，最常见的是左心功能。与小鼠的小尺寸和快速心率相关的技术限制最初证明了超声心动图在麻醉下的表现。最近，更高的帧速率和更小的探头以更高的频率运行，在某些(但不是全部)实验方案和条件下促进了清醒小鼠的成像。在这两种情况下，心功能均可进行定性和定量评估。提供了有意识条件下测量的具体细节，并对有意识和镇静或麻醉条件下的测量进行了对比。给出了常见C57BL/6株的超声心动图指数正常值。舒张期功能障碍是许多疾病状态的重要病理生理成分，本文讨论了超声心动图评价舒张期功能的进展。最后，超声心动图存在于几种相互竞争的成像技术中，并对这些替代技术进行了比较。
Ventricular dysfunction remains a hallmark of most cardiac disease. The mouse has become an essential model system for cardiovascular biology, and echocardiography an established tool in the study of normal and genetically altered mice. This review describes the measurement of ventricular function, most often left ventricular function, by echocardiographic methods in mice. Technical limitations related to the small size and rapid heart rate in the mouse initially argued for the performance of echocardiography under anesthesia. More recently, higher frame rates and smaller probes operating at higher frequencies have facilitated imaging of conscious mice in some, but not all, experimental protocols and conditions. Ventricular function may be qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated under both conditions. Particular detail is provided for measurement under conscious conditions, and measurement under conscious and sedated or anesthestized conditions are contrasted. Normal values for echocardiographic indices for the common C57BL/6 strain are provided. Diastolic dysfunction is a critical pathophysiologic component of many disease states, and progress in the echocardiographic evaluation of diastolic function is discussed. Finally, echocardiography exists among several competing imaging technologies, and these alternatives are compared.(ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, Volume 24, January 2007)