Reproducibility of research and preclinical validation: problems and solutions
Reproducibility of research and preclinical validation: problems and solutions
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研究的可重复性和临床前验证：问题和解决方案
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
78.8
通讯作者：
F. André
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Pusztai;C. Hatzis;F. André
许多科学报告的科学和非专业文献缺乏可重复性越来越令人担忧，临床试验中验证极有希望的临床前观察结果的失败率也很高。实验结果（尤其是癌症研究）无法重现的技术原因有很多，包括复杂实验模型中未识别的变量、程序记录不善、选择性报告最积极的发现、将技术噪音误解为生物信号，以及在最极端的情况下伪造数据。我们认为，研究中的认知偏差和学术激励体系的缺陷也导致了不成熟结果的发表。对这些通常不被讨论的因素的认识提供了提高再现性的额外策略。我们建议，除了建立更好的数据呈现标准和为负面结果的发布创造场所外，对赠款提交和资助系统的一些改变可以进一步提高研究结果的可重复性。
Lack of reproducibility in the scientific and lay literature of many scientific reports is an increasing concern, as are the high rates of failure to validate highly promising preclinical observations in clinical trials. There are many technical reasons why experimental results, particularly in cancer research, cannot be reproduced, including unrecognized variables in the complex experimental model, poor documentation of procedures, selective reporting of the most-positive findings, misinterpretation of technical noise as biological signal and, in the most extreme cases, fabrication of data. We suggest that cognitive biases in research and flaws in the academic incentive system also contribute to the publication of immature results. Recognition of these factors, which are often not discussed, provides additional strategies to improve reproducibility. We suggest that in addition to establishing better standards of data presentation and creating venues for publication of negative results, some changes to the grant submission and funding system could further improve the reproducibility of research findings.