Who Is Included in Human Perceptions of AI?: Trust and Perceived Fairness around Healthcare AI and Cultural Mistrust
Who Is Included in Human Perceptions of AI?: Trust and Perceived Fairness around Healthcare AI and Cultural Mistrust
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人类对人工智能的看法包括哪些人？：围绕医疗保健人工智能的信任和感知公平以及文化不信任
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Kate Rich
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Min Kyung Lee;Kate Rich
新的研究表明，人们对算法决策的信任度低于人类决策。然而，不同的人群，特别是边缘化社区的人群，对人类决策者的信任程度可能不同。不信任人类决策者的人是否认为人类决策比算法决策更可信、更公平？或者他们相信算法的决定和人类的决定一样多，甚至更多？我们研究了人类系统中的不信任在人们对算法决策的看法中的作用。我们专注于医疗保健人工智能（AI），基于群体的医疗不信任和美国的黑人。我们进行了一项受试者之间的在线实验，以检查人们对人工智能与人类医生根据他们的医疗不信任做出的皮肤癌筛查决定的看法，我们进行了采访，以了解如何培养对医疗保健人工智能的信任。我们的研究结果强调，围绕人类人工智能体验的研究应该考虑社会群体的关键差异。
Emerging research suggests that people trust algorithmic decisions less than human decisions. However, different populations, particularly in marginalized communities, may have different levels of trust in human decision-makers. Do people who mistrust human decision-makers perceive human decisions to be more trustworthy and fairer than algorithmic decisions? Or do they trust algorithmic decisions as much as or more than human decisions? We examine the role of mistrust in human systems in people’s perceptions of algorithmic decisions. We focus on healthcare Artificial Intelligence (AI), group-based medical mistrust, and Black people in the United States. We conducted a between-subjects online experiment to examine people’s perceptions of skin cancer screening decisions made by an AI versus a human physician depending on their medical mistrust, and we conducted interviews to understand how to cultivate trust in healthcare AI. Our findings highlight that research around human experiences of AI should consider critical differences in social groups.