Insects are electrified in an electric field by deprivation of their negative charge
Insects are electrified in an electric field by deprivation of their negative charge
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1744-7348.2012.00538.x
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Toyoda, H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kakutani, K.;Matsuda, Y.;Toyoda, H.
电场屏（EF屏）是一种物理装置，用于将害虫从温室和仓库中排除，以在作物生产和储存期间保护作物。在这项研究中，一个简单的版本的EF-屏幕，一个绝缘导体铁丝（ICW）挂在一个蚊帐，有效地观察测试昆虫的吸引力与它们的电力释放。使ICW带负电荷以使ICW的绝缘体套管介电极化：在套管的外表面上带负电荷，在套管的内导线表面上带正电荷。ICW的负表面电荷引起了静电感应，并在网的ICW侧表面产生正电荷。在ICW（负极）和整流罩（正极）之间形成的电场。昆虫被吸引到ICW时，他们被放置在蚊帐。吸引的关键步骤是从昆虫中产生短暂的生物放电。在这种放电过程中，昆虫的电荷被转移到蚊帐上。最终，昆虫变成净阳性，然后被吸引到ICW。电流的大小与施加到ICW的电压的增加成正比地增加，并且吸引力与电流的增加成正比。更大的电压是吸引更大的昆虫所必需的，因为更大的昆虫更强壮，因此更能够逃离ICW的吸引。对于属于不同分类群（8目15科）的广泛的害虫，也获得了类似的结果。这项研究表明，瞬态生物放电在昆虫中很常见，可以用来产生一个静电力，能够在产生的电场中移动昆虫。
An electric field screen (EF-screen) is a physical device for excluding pest insects from greenhouses and warehouses to protect crops during their production and storage periods. In this study, a simple version of the EF-screen, an insulated conductor iron wire (ICW) paralleled to an earthed net, was constructed to effectively observe the attraction of test insects in relation to their electricity release. The ICW was negatively charged to dielectrically polarise the insulator sleeve of the ICW: negatively on the outer surface and positively on the inner conductor wire surface of the sleeve. The negative surface charge of the ICW caused an electrostatic induction in the earthed net and a resultant positive charge at the ICW-side surface of the net. An electric field formed between the ICW (negative pole) and earthed net (positive pole). Insects were attracted to the ICW when they were placed onto the earthed net. A vital step for the attraction was the creation of a transient bioelectric discharge from an insect. During this discharge, an electric charge of the insect was transferred to the earthed net. Eventually, the insect became net positive and was then attracted to the ICW. The magnitude of the current increased in direct proportion to the increase in voltage applied to the ICW, and the attraction force was directly proportional to the increase in the electric current. Larger voltages were necessary to attract much larger insects because larger insects were stronger and therefore more able to escape from the ICW attraction. Similar results were obtained for a wide range of pest insects belonging to different taxonomic groups (8 orders and 15 families). This study demonstrated that transient bioelectric discharge is common in insects and can be utilised to create an electrostatic force capable of moving insects in a generated electric field.