Restructuring the French Economy: Government and the Rise of Market Competition Since World War II.
Restructuring the French Economy: Government and the Rise of Market Competition Since World War II.
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重组法国经济：政府和二战以来市场竞争的兴起。
DOI：
10.2307/2596812
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发表时间：
1989
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
W. Adams
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
David W. Johnson;W. Adams
二战结束时，大西洋两岸的专家都认为法国注定会陷入经济停滞。他们认为，法国的文化和制度抑制了持续增长所需的经济结构变化。但尽管有这些预测以及世界经济偶尔出现波动，法国经济仍然快速增长。主要经济体中，只有日本的增长速度更快，到 1975 年，法国的生活水平已与西德相当。 《重组法国经济》着眼于过去四十年促进增长的结构性变革，并探讨了发生此类变革的原因。亚当斯利用许多不同的主要材料，包括政府统计数据、司法判决和专业回忆录，研究了对法国战后经济成功的三种不同解释。第一个因素淡化了增长激增期间结构性变化的程度。第二个强调政府政策弥补私人积极性不足的重要性。第三个观点认为，欧洲经济一体化和法国非殖民化创造了足够的市场竞争，推动私营部门进行自身重组。亚当斯强调，如果政府举措效果良好，那么它们是在激烈的市场竞争环境中进行的；如果说竞争似乎能产生奇迹，那么它的发生只是政府行动的结果。他还非常关注其研究结果对美国有关欧洲保护主义以及美国工业健康和增长的政策的影响。
At the end of World War II, experts on both sides of the Atlantic believed that France was doomed to economic stagnation. French culture and institutions, they argued, inhibited the changes in economic structure that sustained growth would require. But in spite of these predictions and the occasional volatility of the world economy, the French economy grew rapidly. Only the Japanese, of the major economies, has grown faster, and by 1975 the French standard of living matched that of West Germany. Restructuring the French Economy looks at the four decades of the structural changes that fostered growth and explores explanations of why such changes occurred. Drawing on many and diverse primary materials, including government statistics, judicial decisions, and professional memoirs, Adams examines three different explanations of France's postwar economic success. The first downplays the extent of structural change during the surge of growth. The second emphasizes the importance of government policies to compensate for inadequate private initiative. The third suggests that European economic integration and French decolonization created enough market competition to push the private sector into its own restructuring. Adams stresses that if government initiatives worked well, they did so in an environment of strong market competition; if competition seemed to work wonders, it occurred only as a result of government actions. He also devotes considerable attention to the implications of his findings for U.S. policy concerning European protectionism and the health and growth of American industries.