Isolation of Hendra virus from pteropid bats: a natural reservoir of Hendra virus
Isolation of Hendra virus from pteropid bats: a natural reservoir of Hendra virus
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DOI：
10.1099/0022-1317-81-8-1927
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发表时间：
2000-08-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Mackenzie, JS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Halpin, K;Young, PL;Mackenzie, JS
自1994年在澳大利亚首次描述以来，亨德拉病毒（HeV）已在马和人类中引起两次致命疾病的爆发，以及一个孤立的致命马病例。我们的初步研究显示，在狐蝠属蝙蝠中，HeV中和抗体的流行率很高，但尚不清楚这是由于感染HeV还是相关病毒所致。我们提出了一个假设，即蝙蝠的HeV排泄可能与分娩过程有关，我们针对生殖道进行病毒分离。从一只灰头狐蝠（Pteropus poliocephalus）的子宫液、胎肺和胎肝以及一只黑头狐蝠（P. alecto）的胎肺中获得三个病毒分离物。抗原性，这些分离株似乎是密切相关的HeV，返回阳性结果的免疫荧光抗体染色和恒定血清变异病毒中和试验。使用HeV特异性寡核苷酸引物对，扩增分离株的基因组序列。基质基因中200个核苷酸的测序确定这三个分离物与HeV相同。当在HeV Taqman测定上筛选时，从原始材料中提取的RNA对HeV RNA呈阳性后，确认分离。从蝙蝠中分离出HeV证实了我们早期的血清学和流行病学证据，即蝙蝠是病毒的天然储存宿主。
Since it was first described in Australia in 1994, Hendra virus (HeV) has caused two outbreaks of fatal disease in horses and humans, and an isolated fatal horse case. Our preliminary studies revealed a high prevalence of neutralizing antibodies to HeV in bats of the genus Pteropus, but it was unclear whether this was due to infection with HeV or a related virus. We developed the hypothesis that HeV excretion from bats might be related to the birthing process and we targeted the reproductive tract for virus isolation. Three virus isolates were obtained from the uterine fluid and a pool of foetal lung and liver from one grey-headed flying-fox (Pteropus poliocephalus), and from the foetal lung of one black flying-fox (P. alecto). Antigenically, these isolates appeared to be closely related to HeV, returning positive results on immunofluorescent antibody staining and constant-serum varying-virus neutralization tests. Using an HeV-specific oligonucleotide primer pair, genomic sequences of the isolates were amplified. Sequencing of 200 nucleotides in the matrix gene identified that these three isolates were identical to HeV. Isolations were confirmed after RNA extracted from original material was positive for HeV RNA when screened on an HeV Taqman assay. The isolation of HeV from pteropid bats corroborates our earlier serological and epidemiological evidence that they are a natural reservoir host of the virus.