Upward range shift of a dominant alpine shrub related to 50 years of snow cover change
Upward range shift of a dominant alpine shrub related to 50 years of snow cover change
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DOI：
10.1016/j.rse.2021.112773
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发表时间：
2021-10-30
影响因子：
13.5
通讯作者：
Rixen，Christian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zong，Shengwei;Lembrechts，Jonas J.;Rixen，Christian
明显的气候变暖导致积雪范围显着减少，以及北极和高山生态系统中灌木向极地和上坡的转移。然而，由于缺乏与前缘（即冷缘）和后缘（即暖缘）灌木丰度变化相关的原位和长期积雪记录，很难在积雪变化和灌木分布变化之间建立联系。我们利用遥感技术提取了中国东北长白山高山苔原积雪和灌木分布的长期变化，以应对气候变化。首先，我们分析了过去 54 年（1965 年至 2019 年）融雪期（4 月 1 日至 6 月 15 日）积雪的时空变化。然后，我们利用 31 年（1988-2019）的 Landsat NDVI 档案分析了优势常绿高山灌木金黄色杜鹃的分布变化。我们应用了一种新颖的方法，仅分析秋季的 NDVI 数据，当 R.金黄色葡萄球菌呈绿色，但周围的大部分植物已经变成棕色。最后，我们测试了融雪日期与R分布之间的关系。金黄色。我们发现分数覆盖了R。在过去 30 年里，aureum 经历了得大于失。金黄色葡萄球菌在前缘扩张，在积雪丰富的栖息地中建立，但由于积雪栖息地的丧失，在后缘进一步收缩。我们确定了该灌木物种的首选融雪模式（融雪日期为 4 月 20 日或更晚的栖息地），并发现融雪日期的进一步推进将导致 R 范围向上移动。金黄色葡萄球菌气候变暖。我们的结果表明春季积雪变化影响了R的分布变化。金黄色。我们的研究强调，气候变化导致的积雪长期变化已经对高山生态系统中的植物物种分布产生了显着影响。
Pronounced climate warming has resulted in a significant reduction of snow cover extent, as well as poleward and upslope shifts of shrubs in Arctic and alpine ecosystems. However, it is difficult to establish links between changes in snow cover and shrub distribution changes due to a lack of in situ and long-term snow records in relation to abundance shifts of shrubs at their leading (i.e., cold) and trailing (i.e., warm) edges. We used remote sensing to extract long-term changes in both snow cover and shrub distributions in response to climate change in the alpine tundra of the Changbai Mountains in Northeast China. First, we analyzed spatio-temporal changes in snow cover during the snowmelt period (April 1st to June 15th) over the past 54 years (1965–2019). Then, we analyzed distribution changes of the dominant evergreen alpine shrub,Rhododendron aureum, using 31 years (1988–2019) of Landsat NDVI archives. We applied a novel approach by analyzing NDVI data from autumn only, whenR. aureumis green yet most of the surrounding plants are already brown. Finally, we tested the relationship between snowmelt date and the distribution ofR. aureum. We found that the fraction cover ofR. aureumexperienced greater loss than gain in the last 30 years.R. aureumexpanded at the leading edge, establishing in snow-rich habitats, yet retracted further at the trailing edge due to loss of snow habitats. We identified the preferred snowmelt regime (habitats with snowmelt date of 20 April or later) of this shrub species and found that further advances in snowmelt dates would lead to the upward range shift ofR. aureumin a warming climate. Our results indicate that spring snow cover change affected distribution changes ofR. aureum. Our study highlights that long-term changes in snow cover due to climate change have already had marked impacts on plant species distributions in alpine ecosystems.