Airborne persistent toxic substances (PTSs) in China: occurrence and its implication associated with air pollution
Airborne persistent toxic substances (PTSs) in China: occurrence and its implication associated with air pollution
复制标题
中国空气中持久性有毒物质（PTS）：发生情况及其与空气污染的影响
DOI：
10.1039/c7em00187h
复制
发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Jiang Guibin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang Pu;Zhang Qinghua;Li Yingming;Matsiko Julius;Zhang Ya;Jiang Guibin
近年来，由于经济和工业的快速发展，中国遭受了广泛的空气污染。其对人类健康的严重影响目前引起高度关注。持久性有毒物质（PTS）作为一大类环境污染物，因其对生态系统和公众健康的不利影响而受到广泛关注。然而，对于揭示中国全国范围内与空气污染相关的空气传播持久性污染物的研究还很有限。在这篇综述中，我们总结了中国，特别是特大城市空气传播PTS的发生和变化。这些持久性有毒物质包括多氯二苯并对二恶英/二苯并呋喃（PCDD/F）、多氯联苯（PCB）、卤化阻燃剂（HFR）、全氟化合物（PFC）、有机氯农药（OCP）、多环芳烃（PAH）和重金属。讨论了它们的发生与空气污染的影响，并总结了这些化学物质的排放源。大多数审查研究都是在经济和工业较发达的华东和华南地区进行的。空气中持久性有毒物质污染严重的地区普遍发生在广州、上海、北京等人口众多的特大城市。然而，总结结果表明，工业生产和产品消费是城市环境中大多数持久性有毒物质的主要来源，而人为活动期间的无意排放是空气中持久性有毒物质的重要贡献者。重要的是，细颗粒物是大多数空气中PTSs的主要载体，促进了PTSs的远距离大气传输（LRAT），因此增加了人体接触这些污染物的风险。这意味着，当空气污染发生时，不仅细颗粒物的浓度和化学成分，而且吸收的持久性有毒物（PTS）也受到特别关注。
In recent years, China suffered from extensive air pollution due to the rapidly expanding economic and industrial developments. Its severe impact on human health has raised great concern currently. Persistent toxic substances (PTSs), a large group of environmental pollutants, have also received much attention due to their adverse effects on both the ecosystem and public health. However, limited studies have been conducted to reveal the airborne PTSs associated with air pollution at the national scale in China. In this review, we summarized the occurrence and variation of airborne PTSs in China, especially in megacities. These PTSs included polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), halogenated flame retardants (HFRs), perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals. The implication of their occurrence associated with air pollution was discussed, and the emission source of these chemicals was concluded. Most reviewed studies have been conducted in east and south China with more developed economy and industry. Severe contamination of airborne PTSs generally occurred in megacities with large populations, such as Guangzhou, Shanghai and Beijing. However, the summarized results suggested that industrial production and product consumption are the major sources of most PTSs in the urban environment, while unintentional emission during anthropogenic activities is an important contributor to airborne PTSs. It is important that fine particles serve as a major carrier of most airborne PTSs, which facilitates the long-range atmospheric transport (LRAT) of PTSs, and therefore, increases the exposure risk of the human body to these pollutants. This implied that not only the concentration and chemical composition of fine particles but also the absorbed PTSs are of particular concern when air pollution occurs.