Stopping the Killing During the “Peace”: Peacekeeping and the Severity of Postconflict Civilian Victimization
Stopping the Killing During the “Peace”: Peacekeeping and the Severity of Postconflict Civilian Victimization
复制标题
“和平”期间停止杀戮：维持和平与冲突后平民受害的严重性
DOI：
10.1111/fpa.12041
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Reed M. Wood
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jacob D Kathman;Reed M. Wood
最近的研究调查了维持和平在稳定冲突后国家、防止交战国之间重新回到武装敌对状态以及减少国内冲突期间平民虐待方面的相对有效性。这项研究揭示了重要的理论和政策相关问题。然而，学者们在很大程度上忽视了在以不稳定著称的冲突后时期，评估维和在保护平民方面的作用。即使在活跃的冲突结束后，各派别也经常坚持虐待平民，以加强冲突成果，塑造冲突后环境，报复战时冤情，或破坏和平进程。这一分析考察了维和特派团在冲突后“和平”期间保护平民的有效性。利用新收集的关于联合国维和人员承诺的数量和类型的数据，以及1992至2010年间所有非洲冲突的平民受害数据，我们发现，更多的维和部队减少了反平民暴力。相比之下，联合国观察员的大规模部署与暴力呈正相关。
Recent research has investigated the relative effectiveness of peacekeeping in stabilizing postconflict states, preventing the return to armed hostilities between belligerents, and reducing civilian abuse during civil conflict. This research has shed light on important theoretical and policy-relevant issues. However, scholars have largely neglected to evaluate the role of peacekeeping in protecting civilians during the notoriously unstable postconflict period. Even after active conflict has ended, the factions often persist in abusing civilians to reinforce conflict gains, shape the postconflict environment, exact revenge for wartime grievances, or spoil peace processes. This analysis investigates the effectiveness of peacekeeping missions in protecting civilians during the post-conflict “peace.” Using newly collected data on the number and type of United Nations peacekeeping personnel commitments along with civilian victimization data for all African conflicts between 1992 and 2010, we find that greater numbers of peacekeeping troops reduce anticivilian violence. By contrast, larger deployments of UN observers are positively correlated with violence.