Genome-wide association scan and phased haplotype construction for quantitative trait loci affecting boar taint in three pig breeds.
Genome-wide association scan and phased haplotype construction for quantitative trait loci affecting boar taint in three pig breeds.
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-2164-13-22
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发表时间：
2012-01-13
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Bendixen C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gregersen VR;Conley LN;Sørensen KK;Guldbrandtsen B;Velander IH;Bendixen C
公猪膻味是指从一些整头公猪身上提取的猪肉的难闻气味和味道。公猪粪臭的主要原因是两种化合物雄烯酮和粪臭素（3-甲基吲哚）。雄甾酮是公猪睾丸中产生的一种性信息素。粪甲素是由猪肠道中的细菌从色氨酸中产生的。在许多国家，猪被阉割作为仔猪，以避免公猪污染，然而，这是不可取的动物福利的原因。遗传变异影响公猪的污染水平以前已经在许多品种中得到证实。在本文中提出的研究，标记和单倍型，可以应用于dna为基础的选择方案，以减少或消除公猪的污染问题，确定。在来自三个丹麦品种的923头公猪中分离出大约30,000个snp；杜洛克，长白和约克郡，被用于进行全基因组关联研究的公猪污染化合物。在46个暗示性数量性状位点（QTL）中，鉴定出25个单倍型和3个有影响的单标记。此外，40%的单倍型映射到先前确定的区域。单倍型还分析了屠宰重量和肉含量的影响。最有希望的单倍型被鉴定在Sus scrofa染色体1上。该单倍型的固定效应增益较高（1.279 μg/g）。此外，该单倍型解释了该性状内16.8%的表型变异。该单倍型在基因CYB5A周围被发现，该基因已知对雄烯酮的数量有间接影响。除CYB5A外，SRD5A2、LOC100518755和CYP21A2基因是影响雄烯酮的其他单倍型的候选基因，而吲哚类化合物的候选基因是SULT1A1和CYP2E1。尽管样本量小，但共鉴定出25个单倍型和3个单标记，包括以前未报道的基因组区域。单倍型对性状水平的影响较大。然而，品种间QTL的重叠很少。
Boar taint is the undesirable smell and taste of pork meat derived from some entire male pigs. The main causes of boar taint are the two compounds androstenone and skatole (3-methyl-indole). The steroid androstenone is a sex pheromone produced in the testis of the boars. Skatole is produced from tryptophan by bacteria in the intestine of the pigs. In many countries pigs are castrated as piglets to avoid boar taint, however, this is undesirable for animal welfare reasons. Genetic variations affecting the level of boar taint have previously been demonstrated in many breeds. In the study presented in this paper, markers and haplotypes, which can be applied to DNA-based selection schemes in order to reduce or eliminate the boar taint problem, are identified. Approximately 30,000 SNPs segregating in 923 boars from three Danish breeds; Duroc, Landrace, and Yorkshire, were used to conduct genome wide association studies of boar taint compounds. At 46 suggestive quantitative trait loci (QTL), 25 haplotypes and three single markers with effects were identified. Furthermore, 40% of the haplotypes mapped to previously identified regions. Haplotypes were also analysed for effects of slaughter weight and meat content. The most promising haplotype was identified on Sus scrofa chromosome 1. The gain in fixed effect of having this haplotype on level of androstenone in Landrace was identified to be high (1.279 μg/g). In addition, this haplotype explained 16.8% of the phenotypic variation within the trait. The haplotype was identified around the gene CYB5A which is known to have an indirect impact on the amount of androstenone. In addition to CYB5A, the genes SRD5A2, LOC100518755, and CYP21A2 are candidate genes for other haplotypes affecting androstenone, whereas, candidate genes for the indolic compounds were identified to be SULT1A1 and CYP2E1. Despite the small sample size, a total of 25 haplotypes and three single markers were identified including genomic regions not previously reported. The haplotypes that were analysed showed large effects on trait level. However, little overlap of QTL between breeds was observed.