Feeding high-moisture corn instead of dry-rolled corn reduces odorous compound production in manure of finishing beef cattle without decreasing performance
Feeding high-moisture corn instead of dry-rolled corn reduces odorous compound production in manure of finishing beef cattle without decreasing performance
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DOI：
10.2527/jas.2005-448
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发表时间：
2006-07-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Ferrell, C. L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Archibeque, S. L.;Miller, D. N.;Ferrell, C. L.
我们假设，用磨碎的高水分青贮玉米 (HMC) 代替干碾玉米 (DRC) 喂养公牛，可以减少粪便中淀粉的排出量以及相关的有气味化合物的产生。在一项饲喂试验中，148 头杂交公牛（363 +/- 33 公斤体重）被饲喂基于 DRC 或 HMC 的日粮，8 头夏洛莱西红公牛（447 头体重 22 公斤）被用于营养平衡研究。饲喂 HMC 的阉牛往往具有略低的 DMI (P = 0.09)、ADG (P = 0.06) 和产量等级，但处理之间的 G:F、最终 HCW 和质量等级没有差异 (P >= 0.23)。与饲喂DRC相比，饲喂HMC使淀粉摄入量从5,407克/天减少（P = 0.02）至4,846克/天，将淀粉粪便排泄量从448克/天减少（P < 0.01）至292克/天，并将淀粉消化率从91.7%增加至94.1%（P = 0.03）。在两项研究中，饲喂 DRC 的公牛的氮摄入量均高于 HMC 的公牛（P < 0.01），但氮保留量没有差异（P = 0.55）。两种处理之间的产热量和能量保留没有差异（P >= 0.55）。在与土壤和水一起培养 35 天的粪浆中，与饲喂 DRC 的公牛（3,041 μmol/g DM）相比，饲喂 HMC 的公牛粪便中的总 NTFA 浓度较低（P < 0.01）（P < 0.01）。在来自 HMC 粪便的浆液中还观察到较低的初始 (d 0) 淀粉浓度和较高的初始 pH 值。到浆液温育第 3 天，DRC 浆液中的游离葡萄糖和 L-乳酸有所增加 (P < 0.01)，但 HMC 浆液中的游离葡萄糖和 L-乳酸没有增加。在粪便孵化过程中，HMC 浆液中的酒精和 VFA 含量增加（P < 0.01），pH 值下降，但程度较小（P < 0.01）。然而，HMC 浆料中的支链 VFA 比 DRC 浆料中的支链 VFA 增加更多（P < 0.01）。这些数据表明，饲喂 HMC 而不是 DRC 可以减少育肥牛系统中粪便淀粉和一些潜在气味化合物的产生，但对动物生产力影响不大。
We hypothesized that feeding steers ground high-moisture ensiled corn (HMC) in lieu of dry-rolled corn (DRC) would reduce the amount of starch being excreted in the manure and the associated odorous compound production. One hundred forty-eight crossbred steers (363 +/- 33 kg of BW) were fed a DRC- or HMC-based diet in a feeding trial, and 8 Charolaissired steers (447 22 kg of BW) were used in a nutrient balance study. Steers fed HMC tended to have a slightly lower DMI (P = 0.09), ADG (P = 0.06), and yield grade, but G:F, final HCW, and quality grade did not differ (P >= 0.23) between treatments. Compared with feeding DRC, feeding HMC decreased (P = 0.02) starch intake from 5,407 to 4,846 g/d, decreased (P < 0.01) fecal excretion of starch from 448 to 292 g/d, and increased (P = 0.03) starch digestibility from 91.7 to 94.1%. Nitrogen intake was greater (P < 0.01) for steers fed DRC than HMC in both studies, but N retention did not differ (P = 0.55). Heat production and energy retention did not differ between the 2 treatments (P >= 0.55). In manure slurries incubated for 35 d with soil and water, total NTFA concentration was lower (P < 0.01) in manure from steers fed HMC (1,625 mu mol/g of DM) compared with steers fed DRC (3,041 mu mol/g of DM). Lower initial (d 0) starch concentrations and greater initial pH was also observed in the slurries from the HMC manure. By d 3 of slurry incubation, there was an increase (P < 0.01) in free glucose and L-lactic acid in the DRC slurries but not in the HMC slurries. During manure incubation, alcohol and VFA content increased (P < 0.01) and pH declined, but to a lesser extent (P < 0.01) in the HMC slurries. However, branched-chain VFA increased more (P < 0.01) in the HMC slurries than in the DRC slurries. These data suggest that feeding HMC instead of DRC decreased fecal starch and production of some potentially odorous compounds in a finishing cattle system but had little impact on animal productivity.