Oligodendrocytes: Functioning in a Delicate Balance Between High Metabolic Requirements and Oxidative Damage
Oligodendrocytes: Functioning in a Delicate Balance Between High Metabolic Requirements and Oxidative Damage
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-319-40764-7_8
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Nunez, Marco T.
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文献类型：
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作者：
Roth, Alejandro D.;Nunez, Marco T.
对髓鞘形成神经胶质和它们包裹的轴突之间的代谢相互作用的研究已经发展成为一个非常类似于阐明星形胶质细胞在三部分突触中的作用的研究领域（Tsacopoulos和Magistretti in J Neurosci 16：877-885，1996）。然而，与星形胶质细胞不同，星形胶质细胞富含细胞色素P450和其他抗氧化防御机制（Minn等人，Brain Res Brain Res Rev 16：65-82，1991; Wilson，Can J Physiol Pharmacol.七十五：1149-1163，1997），少突胶质细胞容易受损，并且对缺氧和氧化应激特别敏感，尤其是在其终末分化期和产生髓鞘时。在目前的审查中，我们将集中在少突胶质细胞的代谢复杂性，特别是在分化和髓鞘沉积的过程中，并特别强调在氧化应激和复杂的铁代谢的最铁负载的中枢神经系统（CNS）的细胞的背景下。
The study of the metabolic interactions between myelinating glia and the axons they ensheath has blossomed into an area of research much akin to the elucidation of the role of astrocytes in tripartite synapses (Tsacopoulos and Magistretti in J Neurosci 16: 877-885, 1996). Still, unlike astrocytes, rich in cytochrome-P450 and other anti-oxidative defense mechanisms (Minn et al. in Brain Res Brain Res Rev 16: 65-82, 1991; Wilson in Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 75: 1149-1163, 1997), oligodendrocytes can be easily damaged and are particularly sensitive to both hypoxia and oxidative stress, especially during their terminal differentiation phase and while generating myelin sheaths. In the present review, we will focus in the metabolic complexity of oligodendrocytes, particularly during the processes of differentiation and myelin deposition, and with a specific emphasis in the context of oxidative stress and the intricacies of the iron metabolism of the most iron-loaded cells of the central nervous system (CNS).