Motor, Emotional, and Cognitive Empathy in Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Conduct Disorder
Motor, Emotional, and Cognitive Empathy in Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Conduct Disorder
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DOI：
10.1007/s10802-012-9689-5
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发表时间：
2013-04-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Buitelaaar, Jan K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bons, Danielle;van den Broek, Egon;Buitelaaar, Jan K.
目前尚不清楚共情的哪些方面是共同的，哪些方面在自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）和品行障碍（CD）中受到独特的影响，以及这些共情障碍的神经生物学相关性。本系统综述的目的是描述儿童和青少年ASD或CD患者共情的运动、情绪和认知方面的重叠和特异性。运动和认知共情障碍在ASD和CD中都有发现，但特异性似乎有所不同。在自闭症谱系障碍中，面部模仿和情绪识别可能在所有基本情绪上都受损，而在乳糜泻中，这种情况只出现在负面情绪上。情感共情和眼睛注意力在其中的作用需要进一步研究。我们假设这两种疾病的运动和认知共情受损是对眼睛缺乏注意的结果。然而，我们假设ASD和CD之间情感共情缺陷的主要差异，可能是由于ASD的情绪自主神经和杏仁核高反应性与CD的低反应性，两者都导致对眼睛的注意力缺乏。
It is unclear which aspects of empathy are shared and which are uniquely affected in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and conduct disorder (CD) as are the neurobiological correlates of these empathy impairments. The aim of this systematic review is to describe the overlap and specificity of motor, emotional, and cognitive aspects of empathy in children and adolescents with ASD or CD. Motor and cognitive empathy impairments are found in both ASD and CD, yet the specificity seems to differ. In ASD facial mimicry and emotion recognition may be impaired for all basic emotions, whereas in CD this is only the case for negative emotions. Emotional empathy and the role of attention to the eyes therein need further investigation. We hypothesize that impaired motor and cognitive empathy in both disorders are a consequence of lack of attention to the eyes. However, we hypothesize major differences in emotional empathy deficits between ASD and CD, probably due to emotional autonomic and amygdala hyper-responsivity in ASD versus hypo-responsivity in CD, both resulting in lack of attention to the eyes.