A Field Investigation Into the Limits of High-Density Air-Cooling
A Field Investigation Into the Limits of High-Density Air-Cooling
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DOI：
10.1115/ipack2013-73163
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发表时间：
2013-07
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Patterson;R. Martin;J. V. Oehsen;James Pepin;Y. Joshi;V. K. Arghode;R. Steinbrecher;J. King
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文献类型：
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作者：
M. Patterson;R. Martin;J. V. Oehsen;James Pepin;Y. Joshi;V. K. Arghode;R. Steinbrecher;J. King
在本文中，我们报告了对高密度数据中心气流管理挑战的实地调查。这次实地调查也有助于验证实验室对高密度空气冷却问题的调查。在功耗较大的数据中心中，每个机架的冷却负载也很高，因此需要大量的房间气流来满足服务器的冷却气流要求。在高架地板的热通道/冷通道布局中，这些体积的空气很难输送。气流的速度是这样的，它在机架底部附近产生负压。这种负压夹带了机架下面和后面的空气，导致再循环，并将温暖的空气提供给机架底部的服务器。这可能导致操作问题和服务器性能影响。这种现象已经在以前的论文中证明了使用粒子成像测速（PIV）技术的测试数据。目前的工作通过观察气流、红外热成像和机架下再循环流动时的实际IT性能来验证这些研究。此外，我们通过采用严格的气流管理实践证明了显著的改进。我们还讨论了当前CFD建模的局限性，其中大多数没有足够的网格智能分辨率来捕获问题。进一步，我们将讨论迄今为止抑制了问题（或者可能是意识）的典型操作条件。最后，本文推荐了缓解高密度数据中心问题的最佳实践。ASME版权所有©2013
In this paper we report on a field investigation into airflow management challenges in high density data centers. This field investigation has also served to validate laboratory investigations into high density air cooling issues. In data centers with significant power consumption, and consequently high cooling loads per rack, high volumes of room airflow are required to meet server cooling airflow requirements. These volumes of air can be difficult to deliver in raised floor hot aisle / cold aisle layouts. The velocity of the airflow is such that it creates a negative pressure near the bottom of the rack. This negative pressure entrains air from under and behind the rack, causing recirculation and warmer air being provided to the servers at the base of the rack. This can cause operational problems and server performance impacts. This phenomenon has been demonstrated in previous papers reporting on test data using particle imaging velocimetry (PIV) techniques. The current work validates those studies by looking at airflow, infrared thermography, and actual IT performance while the under rack recirculation flows are occurring. Additionally, we demonstrate significant improvement by employing rigorous airflow management practices. We also discuss the limitations of current CFD modeling, the majority of which does not have sufficient grid-wise resolution to capture the problem. Further we discuss typical operational conditions that have suppressed the problem (or perhaps the awareness of) to date. Finally, the paper recommends best practices to mitigate the problem in high density data centers.Copyright © 2013 by ASME