Successful Long-Distance Breeding Range Expansion of a Top Marine Predator
Successful Long-Distance Breeding Range Expansion of a Top Marine Predator
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DOI：
10.3389/fevo.2021.620103
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发表时间：
2021-05-25
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Croll, Donald A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Henry, Robert William, III;Shaffer, Scott A.;Croll, Donald A.
人们对大规模繁殖范围扩张对顶级海洋掠食者生态的影响知之甚少。我们研究了最近范围扩大对莱桑信天翁（Phoebastria immutabilis）繁殖和觅食生态的影响。莱桑信天翁从历史上的中太平洋繁殖地扩展到墨西哥下加利福尼亚州中部周围的东太平洋，导致中太平洋生产过渡区附近的栖息地向东太平洋加州洋流东部边界洋流上升流系统内的栖息地转移了4,000公里。我们使用电子标签和遥感数据，通过比较历史和新生殖民地的鸟类，研究这种范围扩张对海上分布、栖息地利用、觅食栖息地特征和海上觅食行为的影响。我们发现，这种扩张导致了明显的海上隔离和进入新海洋栖息地的差异。与美国中太平洋燕鸥岛繁殖的鸟类相比，来自墨西哥瓜达卢佩岛东太平洋新殖民地的鸟类的活动范围、觅食行程的长度和持续时间有所减少，并且在水面上花费的时间更长。范围扩大对繁殖后季节的影响不太明显，鸟类在海上保持一定的隔离，但利用相似的栖息地和环境变量。这些差异可能有利于东太平洋殖民地，其生殖产出和人口增长率显着提高。莱桑信天翁具有适应明显不同的海洋栖息地的可塑性，并且还可以深入了解范围变化对海洋生物的潜在后果。
Little is known about the effects of large-scale breeding range expansions on the ecology of top marine predators. We examined the effects of a recent range expansion on the breeding and foraging ecology of Laysan albatrosses (Phoebastria immutabilis). Laysan albatrosses expanded from historical breeding colonies in the Central Pacific Ocean to the Eastern Pacific Ocean around central Baja California, Mexico, leading to a 4,000-km shift from colonies located adjacent to the productive transition zone in the Central Pacific to colonies embedded within the eastern boundary current upwelling system of the Eastern Pacific California Current. We use electronic tagging and remote sensing data to examine the consequences of this range expansion on at-sea distribution, habitat use, foraging habitat characteristics, and foraging behavior at sea by comparing birds from historic and nascent colonies. We found the expansion resulted in distinct at-sea segregation and differential access to novel oceanographic habitats. Birds from the new Eastern Pacific colony on Guadalupe Island, Mexico have reduced ranges, foraging trip lengths and durations, and spend more time on the water compared to birds breeding in the Central Pacific on Tern Island, United States. Impacts of the range expansion to the post-breeding season were less pronounced where birds maintained some at-sea segregation but utilized similar habitat and environmental variables. These differences have likely benefited the Eastern Pacific colony which has significantly greater reproductive output and population growth rates. Laysan albatrosses have the plasticity to adapt to distinctly different oceanographic habitats and also provide insight on the potential consequences of range shifts to marine organisms.