Function is more reliable than quantity to follow up the humoral response to the Receptor Binding Domain of SARS- CoV-2 Spike protein after natural infection or COVID-19 vaccination.
Function is more reliable than quantity to follow up the humoral response to the Receptor Binding Domain of SARS- CoV-2 Spike protein after natural infection or COVID-19 vaccination.
复制标题
在追踪自然感染或 COVID-19 疫苗接种后对 SARS-CoV-2 刺突蛋白受体结合域的体液反应时，功能比数量更可靠。
DOI：
10.1101/2021.06.02.21257975
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Brien,
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sariol,CarlosA;Pantoja,Petraleigh;Serrano-Collazo,Crisanta;Rosa-Arocho,Tiffany;Armina,Albersy;Cruz,Lorna;Stone,ETaylor;Arana,Teresa;Climent,Consuelo;Latoni,Gerardo;Atehortua,Dianne;Pabon-Carrero,Christina;Pinto,AmeliaK;Brien,
SARS-CoV-2大流行和令人担忧的变体的出现都突出了对功能性抗体测定的需要，以监测随着时间的推移的体液反应。针对SARS-CoV-2刺突蛋白的抗体是中和抗体应答的重要组成部分。在这项工作中，我们报告说，在一个子集的患者，尽管总S-特异性抗体的下降，中和抗体滴度保持在一个类似的水平，平均为98天，在纵向抽样的59个西班牙裔/拉丁裔患者暴露于SARS-CoV-2。我们的数据表明，100%的血清转化患者产生可检测的中和抗体应答，可通过替代病毒中和试验进行定量。对59名接受基于mRNA的疫苗接种的受试者中的10名受试者的血清进行检查，结果显示，与21名SARS-CoV-2初治受试者的队列相比，疫苗接种后血清的IgG滴度和中和活性均较高。一次剂量足以诱导中和抗体，但无论受试者先前的SARS-CoV-2自然感染状态如何，都需要两次剂量才能达到100%的替代病毒中和。与自然感染后观察到的模式一样，第二次接种疫苗后总抗S抗体滴度下降;然而，第一次接种疫苗后80多天，中和活性保持相对恒定。此外，我们的数据表明，与mRNA疫苗相比，自然感染在未暴露的受试者中诱导更强的体液免疫应答。这项工作对于理解严重受SARS-CoV-2影响的人群对新型冠状病毒的自然免疫反应做出了重要贡献。此外，通过比较自然感染与接种疫苗后的免疫应答动态，这些发现表明，功能性中和抗体检测是比存在或不存在结合抗体更相关的指标。
Both the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and emergence of variants of concern have highlighted the need for functional antibody assays to monitor the humoral response over time. Antibodies directed against the spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2 are an important component of the neutralizing antibody response. In this work, we report that in a subset of patients—despite a decline in total S-specific antibodies—neutralizing antibody titers remain at a similar level for an average of 98 days in longitudinal sampling of a cohort of 59 Hispanic/Latino patients exposed to SARS-CoV-2. Our data suggest that 100% of seroconverting patients make detectable neutralizing antibody responses which can be quantified by a surrogate viral neutralization test. Examination of sera from ten out of the 59 subjects which received mRNA-based vaccination revealed that both IgG titers and neutralizing activity of sera were higher after vaccination compared to a cohort of 21 SARS-CoV-2 naïve subjects. One dose was sufficient for the induction of a neutralizing antibody, but two doses were necessary to reach 100% surrogate virus neutralization in subjects irrespective of previous SARS-CoV-2 natural infection status. Like the pattern observed after natural infection, the total anti-S antibodies titers declined after the second vaccine dose; however, neutralizing activity remained relatively constant for more than 80 days after the first vaccine dose. Furthermore, our data indicates that—compared with mRNA vaccination—natural infection induces a more robust humoral immune response in unexposed subjects. This work is an important contribution to understanding the natural immune response to the novel coronavirus in a population severely impacted by SARS-CoV-2. Furthermore, by comparing the dynamics of the immune response after the natural infection vs. the vaccination, these findings suggest that functional neutralizing antibody tests are more relevant indicators than the presence or absence of binding antibodies.