Functional development of geniculocortical pathways in normal and amblyopic vision.
Functional development of geniculocortical pathways in normal and amblyopic vision.
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正常和弱视视力中膝皮质通路的功能发育。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1979
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通讯作者：
S. Sherman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Sherman
包括灵长类在内的许多哺乳动物的膝状体皮质通路主要由两种类型的神经元组成。这些细胞被称为X和Y细胞。它们的功能意义尚不清楚，但提出了以下高度推测的假说。由于Y细胞对关键的较低空间频率和较高的空间频率具有广泛的敏感性，因此参与了对形式视觉的基本分析。由于X细胞对较高的空间频率具有相当选择性的敏感性，因此增加了某些细节(例如，增强的敏感度等)。如果动物发展成屈光不正，Y细胞应该得到充分的刺激，由于较低的空间频率保持不失真，许多Y细胞会发展起来，并形成合理的视觉与奶性弱视。只有X细胞会受到这样的环境的很大影响。然而，如果动物患有白内障，或者是在取消所有空间频率的环境中饲养的，那么X和Y细胞都不会发育。这将导致形式视力不佳和深度弱视。在猫的实验研究中观察到了许多这样的现象。这种建议的X和Y细胞功能二分法目前与临床问题的相关性充其量是微乎其微的，它只是作为未来研究的一个工作假说。
The geniculocortical pathways of many mammals, including primates, are largely comprised of two neuron types. These are known as X and Y cells. Their functional significance in unclear, but the following highly speculative hypothesis is suggested. Y cells, because of their broad sensitivity to the crucial lower spatial frequencies as well as to the higher ones, are involved in a basic analysis of form vision. X cells, because of their fairly selective sensitivity to higher spatial frequencies, add to this certain details (i.e. enhanced acuity, etc.). If an animal develops with ametropia, Y cells should be adequately stimulated and as the lower spatial frequencies remain undistorted many Y cells would develop and reasonable form vision with milk amblyopia would result. Only X cells would be greatly affected by such an environment. However, if the animal develops with cataracts or is reared in an environment which abolishes all spatial frequencies, then neither X nor Y cells will develop. This would result in poor form vision and a deep amblyopia. Many of these phenomena have been observed in experimental studies of cats. The present relevance for clinical problems of this suggested functional dichotomy for X and Y cells is at best tenuous, and it is offered merely as a working hypothesis for future studies.