Measuring Droplets Expelled During Endoscopy to Investigate COVID-19 Transmission Risk.
Measuring Droplets Expelled During Endoscopy to Investigate COVID-19 Transmission Risk.
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DOI：
10.1053/j.gastro.2021.07.013
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发表时间：
2021-11
期刊：
影响因子：
29.4
通讯作者：
Perelman LT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Coughlan MF;Sawhney MS;Pleskow DK;Sheil CJ;GI Light Scattering Group;Qiu L;Perelman LT
SARS-CoV-2感染主要通过飞沫和气溶胶传播1。医疗保健中的各种程序，包括上内窥镜检查，已被归类为气溶胶产生程序（agp） 2。然而，目前尚不清楚这些过程是否也会产生大量较大的飞沫，从而造成更大的传播风险。目前还不清楚结肠镜检查是否会给医护人员带来额外的风险，因为粪口传播已被确定为一种可能的传播机制2。检测和测量飞沫的能力对于评估程序风险至关重要，但大多数现有方法缺乏可移植性，或者无法区分固体颗粒和液体飞沫，这使得SARS-CoV-2传播的风险要高得多。为了研究内窥镜检查过程中液滴产生的风险，我们开发了一种坚固耐用的便携式光学仪器，能够区分液体液滴和固体颗粒，同时还可以测量临床环境中快速飞行的液滴的大小和数量。该系统被设计用于成像水滴在接近向前方向上产生的角相关光散射模式。Mie理论表明，这种散射模式可以用来确定液滴的大小。系统的光学布局如图1A和1B所示。液滴通过3D打印外壳的孔径进入后，穿过扩展的红色激光束（图1C）。一台相机拍摄了与角度相关的光散射模式，而另一台相机则对液滴进行了空间可视化，并将它们与散射模式进行了共同注册。较大的风扇保持空气流通，而较小的风扇冷却相机。整个系统构建在一个8“x10”的光学面包板上，并提供了一个5x12mm的测量区域。
SARS-CoV-2 infection spreads primarily through droplets and aerosols1. Various procedures in healthcare, including upper endoscopy, have been categorized as aerosol generating procedures (AGPs) 2. However, it is unclear if these procedures also produce significant quantities of larger droplets, which pose a greater transmission risk3. It is also unclear whether colonoscopies cause an additional risk for healthcare workers, since fecal-oral transmission has been identified as a possible transmission mechanism2. The ability to detect and measure droplets is critical for the evaluation of procedure risk, but most available methods lack portability, or cannot distinguish solid particles from liquid droplets, which pose a much higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission1. To investigate the droplet generating risk posed by endoscopy procedures, we developed a robust and portable optical instrument capable of distinguishing liquid droplets from solid particles, while also measuring the size and quantity of fast flying droplets in the clinical setting.The system was designed to image the angular dependent light scattering patterns produced by droplets in the close to forward direction. Mie theory4 shows that this scattering pattern can be exploited to determine droplet size5. The optical layout of the system is shown in Figs. 1A and 1B. Droplets crossed an expanded red laser beam after entering through an aperture in the 3D printed case (Fig. 1C). One camera imaged the angular dependent light scattering patterns, while a second camera was used to spatially visualize the droplets and co-register them with their scattering patterns. The larger fan maintained an air flow, while the smaller fan cooled the cameras. The entire system was constructed on an 8” x10” optical breadboard and provided a measurement zone of 5x12mm.
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影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Glover, AR;Skippon, SM;Boyle, RD
通讯作者：
Boyle, RD
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Mie, G
通讯作者：
Mie, G
影响因子：
29.4
作者：
Sultan, Shahnaz;Lim, Joseph K.;El-Serag, Hashem B.
通讯作者：
El-Serag, Hashem B.
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2006874117
发表时间：
2020-06-02
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Stadnytskyi, Valentyn;Bax, Christina E.;Anfinrud, Philip
通讯作者：
Anfinrud, Philip