AERIAL DISPERSAL AND FIELD EFFICACY OF A GENETICALLY IMPROVED STRAIN OF THE SPIDER MITE PREDATOR METASEIULUS OCCIDENTALS
AERIAL DISPERSAL AND FIELD EFFICACY OF A GENETICALLY IMPROVED STRAIN OF THE SPIDER MITE PREDATOR METASEIULUS OCCIDENTALS
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蜘蛛螨捕食者 METASEIULUS OCCIDENTALS 基因改良品系的空中传播和田间效力
DOI：
10.1111/j.1570-7458.1982.tb03207.x
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发表时间：
1982
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Hoy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Hoy
1979年8月，在加州的贝克斯菲尔德附近，一个32公顷的商业杏仁果园的边缘，一种对西维因和有机磷（OP）杀虫剂有抗药性的海洋新盲蝽被释放到几棵树上。在1980年8月，捕食者收集从7个广泛分散的网站在果园有中度到高度的西维因抗性，表明抗性菌株已经建立，繁殖，越冬，并从释放现场分散。在1980年期间，抗性捕食者对叶螨种群产生了重大影响。M.由于掠食者移动得如此之快，因此怀疑该果园中有octagentalis。1981年4月和9月取样的捕食者仍然对西维因有抗性，表明该菌株在这个商业杏仁果园中存活了第二年。1981年6月，在加州利文斯顿附近的商业杏仁果园中，西维因-OP-抗性菌株也被释放到每三行的每三棵树中，并且在一个月内发生树间扩散。捕食者对果园里的叶螨也有相当大的控制力。空中传播发生，并通过捕获大量的M。位于果园外的粘性板上的occurentalis雌性。这是M.在田间，这种西维因-OP-抗性菌株可能能够从释放果园中大量传播。这也是第一次在大型商业杏仁果园中证明这种实验室选择的菌株是有效的，因为以前的试验只使用了10-30块树。
In August 1979, a strain of Metaseiulus occidentalis resistant to carbaryl and organophosphorus (OP) insecticides was released into a few trees at one edge of a 32‐hectare commercial almond orchard near Bakersfield, California. In August 1980, predators collected from 7 widely separated sites in the orchard had moderate to high levels of carbaryl resistance, indicating the resistant strain had established, multiplied, overwintered, and dispersed from the release site. During 1980, the resistant predators had a substantial impact on spider mite populations. Aerial dispersal of M. occidentalis was suspected in this orchard because the predators had moved so far so quickly. Predators sampled in April and September 1981 were still carbaryl resistant, indicating that this strain had survived a 2nd year in this commercial almond orchard. The carbaryl‐OP‐resistant strain also was released into every 3rd tree in every 3rd row in a commercial almond orchard near Livingston, California in June 1981 and inter‐tree dispersal occurred within one month. The predators exerted considerable control over the spider mites in this orchard, as well. Aerial dispersal occurred and was monitored by trapping large numbers of M. occidentalis females on sticky panels located outside the orchard. This is the first documentation that M. occidentalis disperses aerially in the field, and suggests that this carbaryl‐OP‐resistant strain may be capable of substantial dispersal from release orchards. It is also the first time that this laboratory‐selected strain has been shown to be effective in large commercial almond orchards, as previous trials used only 10–30 tree plots.