Bird extinctions threaten to cause disproportionate reductions of functional diversity and uniqueness
Bird extinctions threaten to cause disproportionate reductions of functional diversity and uniqueness
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鸟类灭绝可能导致功能多样性和独特性过度减少
DOI：
10.1111/1365-2435.14201
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Ali J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ali J
人类活动正在通过增加灭绝率来推动地球生态系统的快速退化。然而，物种损失的生态后果仍然不清楚，部分原因是高分辨率功能性状数据的有限性。为了解决这个问题，我们评估了预测的灭绝将如何重塑使用多维性状空间或形态空间量化的鸟类功能多样性，反映了与生态功能密切相关的8个关键形态性状在9943中的变异（>99%）现存的鸟类物种。我们表明，这种形态空间的大区域是由很少的物种，因此，容易受到物种损失。我们还发现证据表明，灭绝风险最高的物种在与大小无关的生态特征维度上既更大，又具有功能独特性，例如喙形和翅形。尽管原始模式表明灭绝风险和功能独特性之间存在正相关关系，但当考虑到繁殖和体重时，这一点被删除，表明分支特异性因素的主导作用，包括非雀形目分支中较大的平均体型和较高的灭绝风险。无论威胁如何与独特性相关，我们使用模拟表明，目前受到威胁的鸟类物种的损失将导致形态多样性的损失比随机干扰下的预期更大。我们的研究结果表明，受威胁鸟类的减少可能会导致形态多样性的不成比例的大量丧失，对生态系统功能产生潜在的重大影响。
Human activities are driving rapid defaunation of Earth's ecosystems through increasing rates of extinction. However, the ecological consequences of species loss remain unclear, in part due to the limited availability of high‐resolution functional trait data.To address this, we assess how predicted extinctions will reshape avian functional diversity quantified using a multidimensional trait space, or morphospace, reflecting variation in eight key morphological traits closely linked to ecological function across 9943 (>99%) extant bird species.We show that large regions of this morphospace are represented by very few species and, thus, vulnerable to species loss. We also find evidence that species at highest risk of extinction are both larger and functionally unique in terms of ecological trait dimensions unrelated to size, such as beak shape and wing shape.Although raw patterns suggest a positive relationship between extinction risk and functional uniqueness, this is removed when accounting for phylogeny and body mass, indicating a dominant role for clade‐specific factors, including the combination of larger average body size and higher extinction risk in the non‐passerine clade.Regardless of how a threat is related to uniqueness, we show using simulations that the loss of currently threatened bird species would result in a greater loss of morphological diversity than expected under random extinctions.Our results suggest that ongoing declines of threatened bird species may drive a disproportionately large loss of morphological diversity, with potentially major consequences for ecosystem functioning.Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1716643115
发表时间：
2018-03-20
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
McWilliam, Mike;Hoogenboom, Mia O.;Hughes, Terry P.
通讯作者：
Hughes, Terry P.
影响因子：
16.8
作者：
Violle C;Thuiller W;Mouquet N;Munoz F;Kraft NJB;Cadotte MW;Livingstone SW;Mouillot D
通讯作者：
Mouillot D
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Blonder, Benjamin
通讯作者：
Blonder, Benjamin
全球植物-食果动物性状匹配由气候和生物地理历史决定
影响因子：
8.8
作者：
I. McFadden;Susanne A. Fritz;N. Zimmermann;L. Pellissier;W. Kissling;J. Tobias;M. Schleuning;C. Graham
通讯作者：
C. Graham
影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Tobias, Joseph A.;Sheard, Catherine;Schleuning, Matthias
通讯作者：
Schleuning, Matthias