Early identification and early intervention in autism spectrum disorders: Accurate and effective?
Early identification and early intervention in autism spectrum disorders: Accurate and effective?
复制标题
DOI：
10.3109/17549507.2013.858773
复制
发表时间：
2014-02-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Camarata, Stephen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Camarata, Stephen
在过去的十年中，人们对识别幼儿自闭症和自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的兴趣日益增加。尽管早期识别自闭症谱系障碍并实施有效干预有充分的理由，但《儿科学》杂志最近的一篇报告对目前支持早期干预的现有科学证据提出了重要问题。此外，英国国家医疗服务体系（NHS）尚未采用针对自闭症的普遍筛查，尽管美国儿科学会在2007年认可了一项建议，即所有幼儿在24个月大时都应接受自闭症谱系障碍筛查。这一举措的目的是识别自闭症和自闭症谱系障碍，并在必要时提供早期干预。虽然不可否认这是一个有价值且值得称赞的目标，但由于在可靠地识别24个月大的幼儿自闭症方面存在固有困难，对这一目标的系统研究受到了干扰。在自闭症谱系障碍患者群体日益多样化的情况下，在没有随机分配对照组的情况下证明干预效果是具有挑战性的。本文的目的是研究当前关于自闭症和自闭症谱系障碍早期识别和早期干预的文献，并为研究这些问题提供一个框架。
Over the past decade, there has been increased interest in identifying autism and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in toddlers. Although there is a strong rationale for identifying ASD early and delivering effective intervention, a recent report in the journal Pediatrics raises important questions about the scientific evidence currently available supporting early intervention. In addition, the British National Health Service (NHS) has not adopted universal screening for autism, even though the American (US) Academy of Pediatrics endorsed a recommendation that all toddlers be screened for ASD by the age of 24 months (in 2007). The goal of this initiative is to identify and, where indicated, provide early intervention for autism and ASD. Although it is inarguable that this is a worthwhile and laudable goal, the systematic study of this goal is confounded by the inherent difficulty in reliably identifying autism in 24-month-old toddlers. It is challenging to demonstrate intervention effects in the absence of randomly assigned control groups in an increasingly heterogeneous ASD population. The purpose of this paper is to examine the current literature on early identification and early intervention in autism and ASD and to provide a framework for examining these issues.