A Long Journey into Aging, Brain Aging, and Alzheimer's Disease Following the Oxidative Stress Tracks.
A Long Journey into Aging, Brain Aging, and Alzheimer's Disease Following the Oxidative Stress Tracks.
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DOI：
10.3233/jad-170732
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Baroni M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mecocci P;Boccardi V;Cecchetti R;Bastiani P;Scamosci M;Ruggiero C;Baroni M
阿尔茨海默病杂志的编辑邀请Patrizia Mecocci教授贡献一篇评论文章，重点是她在过去几年中对衰老，大脑衰老和老年痴呆症研究的重要性和影响。这一邀请是基于一项评估，即她是该杂志的主要作者之一，也是氧化应激是年龄相关疾病（肌肉减少症，骨质疏松症）中观察到的几种变化的主要贡献者，更重要的是，在大脑衰老中，这表明在最引人注目的年龄相关疾病之一阿尔茨海默病（AD）的发病机制和进展中起着关键作用。她的第一个开创性研究是在从大脑皮层分离的线粒体DNA中发现高水平的8-羟基-2 '-脱氧鸟苷（OH 8dG），这是核酸氧化的标志物。这种分子随着年龄的增长而逐渐增加，并且在AD大脑中更多，支持氧化应激（活性氧簇和抗氧化剂的产生之间的不平衡的条件）对老年受试者中AD的高发病率有很大贡献的假设。AD患者外周血淋巴细胞OH 8dG水平也明显升高，提示AD不仅是一种脑疾病，而且是一种全身性疾病。抗氧化剂的作用，特别是维生素E和锌，也被研究在长寿和认知能力下降和痴呆症。本文综述了Mecocci实验室与衰老、脑衰老和AD中氧化应激相关的主要研究结果，并讨论了该研究领域一些主要成果的重要性和意义。
The Editors of the Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease invited Professor Patrizia Mecocci to contribute a review article focused on the importance and implications of her research on aging, brain aging, and senile dementias over the last years. This invitation was based on an assessment that she was one of the journal’s top authors and a strong supporter of the concept that oxidative stress is a major contributor to several alterations observed in age-related conditions (sarcopenia, osteoporosis) and, more significantly, in brain aging suggesting a pivotal role in the pathogenesis and progression of one of the most dramatic age-related diseases, Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Her first pioneering research was on the discovery of high level of 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine (OH8dG), a marker of oxidation in nucleic acids, in mitochondrial DNA isolated from cerebral cortex. This molecule increases progressively with aging and more in AD brain, supporting the hypothesis that oxidative stress, a condition of unbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species and antioxidants, gives a strong contribution to the high incidence of AD in old age subjects. OH8dG also increases in peripheral lymphocyte from AD subjects, suggesting that AD is not only a cerebral but also a systemic disease. The role of antioxidants, particularly vitamin E and zinc, were also studied in longevity and in cognitive decline and dementia. This review shows the main findings from Mecocci’s laboratory related to oxidative stress in aging, brain aging, and AD and discusses the importance and implications of some of the major achievements in this field of research.