Aggressive Voltage and Temperature Control for Power Saving in Mobile Application Processors
Aggressive Voltage and Temperature Control for Power Saving in Mobile Application Processors
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DOI：
10.1109/tmc.2017.2762670
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发表时间：
2018-06-01
影响因子：
7.9
通讯作者：
Cha, Hojung
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Park, Jlnsoo;Cha, Hojung
DVFS 是一种广泛使用的降低移动设备功耗的方法。该方案涉及根据特定调速器调整频率以及建立与频率配对的工作电压。工作电压设置中包含一个保护带，即使在片上温度最差的条件下，也能确保处理器安全运行。通常，处理器温度保持在正常范围（即不是最坏的范围），因此为保证安全操作而设置的电压保护带受到过度保护。在本文中，我们提出了一种温度感知 DVS (T-DVS)，可大幅降低电压保护带。我们探索为不同温度下的频率提供最小工作电压的机会，并实现降低功耗的动态电压控制方案。 T-DVS 管理温度，使其保持在“绿色区域”，在该区域启用最大电压增益以实现节能运行。我们通过使用移动应用处理器和不同的操作场景来验证 T-DVS 在各种热条件下的有效性。实验结果表明，无论热条件和芯片特性如何，T-DVS 都会带来功率增益，而不会降低性能。通过检查现成智能手机的实际应用，我们发现 T-DVS 产生的电压增益会导致电池寿命增加。
DVFS is a widely used methodology for reducing the power consumption of mobile devices. This scheme involves frequency scaling in accordance with a specific governor and the establishment of an operating voltage to be paired with frequency. Incorporated into the settings for operating voltage is a guardband that ensures safe processor operation even at the worst conditions of on-chip temperature. Typically, the processor temperature remains at a normal range (i.e., not the worst), hence the voltage guardband set to guarantee safe operation is overly protected. In this paper, we propose a temperature-aware DVS (T-DVS) that aggressively reduces voltage guardband. We explore the opportunity to provide minimum operating voltages for frequencies at different temperatures and realize a dynamic voltage control scheme that reduces power consumption. The T-DVS manages temperature so that it remains in the "green zone" where maximum voltage gain is enabled for power-efficient operation. We validate the effectiveness of the T-DVS under various thermal conditions by using mobile application processors and different operating scenarios. Experimental results show that the T-DVS leads to power gain without degrading performance regardless of thermal conditions and chip characteristics. By examining the real-world applications of and off-the-shelf smartphone, we show that the voltage gains generated by the T-DVS results in battery lifetime increment.